Prevalensi periodontitis pada pasien diabetes mellitus (Studi observasional di poliklinik penyakit dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito)

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.11241

Rezmelia Sari(1*), Dahlia Herawati(2), Rizky Nurcahyanti(3), Pramudita Kusuma Wardani(4)

(1) Departemen Periodonsia, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Periodonsia, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(4) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Prevalence of periodontal diseases in patients with  diabetes mellitus (An observational study     at internal medicine polyclinic in  Dr.  Sardjito General Hospital). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a  chronic disease    with an increasing prevalence and causes complications. The most frequent complication found in the oral cavity of patients with diabetes mellitus is periodontal diseases is characterized by the loss of tissue attachment. There have been numerous studies on the association of DM with periodontal diseases but there has not been any data on the prevalence of periodontal diseases in diabetic group, especially in Yogyakarta and Central Java. Dr. Sardjito General Hospital is a referral hospital in DIY and Central Java, so this study is expected to provide a picture regarding the level of periodontal tissue health among people in Yogyakarta and Central Java. This research was an observational study, involving 36 patients with DM according to criteria of the subjects: suffering from type 2 diabetes, being cooperative  and willing to sign an informed consent. The controlled variables: being 40 – 60 years of age, having good oral hygiene (OHI) according to Green and Vermillion, taking neither antibiotics nor anti-inammatory drugs in the last 3 months, not having a history of other systemic diseases. Oral hygiene exams were carried out, followed by examination using probe WHO to determine if there is CAL. The data were presented descriptively. The results showed that the prevalence of periodontal diseases in patients with DM at Internal Medicine Polyclinic in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital is 88.24% with a mean of CAL distance of 4.6 mm. The conclusion of this study is that the prevalence of periodontal diseases in patients with DM is high although the oral hygiene status is good.

 

ABSTRAK

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) adalah penyakit kronis menahun dengan prevalensi yang semakin meningkat dan menimbulkan komplikasi. Komplikasi yang paling sering terjadi di rongga mulut pasien DM adalah periodontitis yang ditandai dengan kehilangan perlekatan jaringan. Penelitian tentang hubungan DM dengan periodontitis banyak dilakukan namun belum ditemukan data mengenai prevalensi periodontitis pada kelompok  DM  khususnya di DIY dan  Jawa Tengah.  RSUP Dr. Sardjito merupakan rumah sakit rujukan DIY dan Jawa Tengah sehingga penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran mengenai tingkat kesehatan jaringan periodontal di masyarakat DIY dan Jawa Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan melibatkan 36 orang pasien DM sesuai kriteria subjek yaitu menderita DM tipe II, kooperatif dan bersedia menandatangani informed consent. Variabel terkendali yaitu usia 40 – 60 tahun, kebersihan mulut (OHI) menurut Green and Vermillion dalam kriteria baik, tidak menggunakan antibiotik dan antiinamasi dalam 3 bulan terakhir dan tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit sistemik lain. Dilakukan pemeriksaan kebersihan mulut dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan menggunakan probe WHO untuk menentukan ada tidaknya CAL. Data disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi periodontitis pada pasien DM di Poli Klinik Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito adalah 88,24% dengan rata-rata jarak CAL adalah 4,6 mm. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah prevalensi periodontitis pada pasien DM tinggi walaupun status kebersihan mulut tergolong dalam kriteria baik.


Keywords


diabetes mellitus; loss of attachment; periodontal diseases; prevalence

Full Text:

PDF


References

Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. DM Penyebab Kematian Nomor 6 di Dunia: Kemenkes Tawarkan Solusi CERDIK Melalui Posbindu http://depkes.go.id/index. php?vw=2&id=2383 diakses 25 Maret 2014
Rinto AS, Fidianingsih I. Hubungan antara sikap, perilaku dan partisipasi keluarga terhadap kadar gula darah penderita DM tipe 2 di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Januari-Juli. Naskah Publikasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Indonesia. Yogyakarta; 2008.

Ryan EM, Carnu O, Kamer A. The influence of dm on the periodontal tissue. J.Am Dent Ass. 2003; 143: 345 – 405.
Javed F, Ahmed A. Proinflammatory cytokines in the saliva, gingival crevicular fluid and serum of diabetic patients with periodontal disease. J Res Pract Dent. 2013.
Preshaw PM, Alba AL, Herrera D, Jepsen S, Konstantinidis A, Makrilakis K, Taylor
R. Periodontitis and diabetes: a two-way relationship. Diabetologia. 2012; 55(1): 21 – 31. doi: 10.1007/s00125-011-2342-y.
Mealey B. Diabetes and periodontal disease: position paper. J. Periodontal. 2000; 70: 935 – 49.
Grover HS, Luthra S. Molecular mechanisms involved in the bidirectional relationship between diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease. J Indian Soc of Periodontol. 2013; 17(3): 292 – 301. doi:10.4103/0972- 124X.115642.
Perkeni. Konsensus Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan DM tipe-2 di Indonesia. Perkumpulan Endokrinologi Indonesia Jakarta; 2006. 1 – 10. Tsalikis L. The effect of age on the gingival crevicular uid composition during experimental gingivitis: a pilot study. The Open Dentistry Journal. 2010; 4: 13 – 26.
Eshwar S, Ankola AV, Hebbal M. Evaluation of periodontal risk assesment model among adults age 30-60 years attending kle dental college, Belgaum: a hospital-based study. J Indian Soc of Periodontol. 2010; 14(3): 173 – 177.
Darre L, Vergnes JN, Gourdy P, Sixou M. Efcacy of periodontal treatment on glycaemic control in diabetic patients: a meta-analysis of interventional studies. Diabetes Metab. 2008; 34: 497 – 506.
Mealey BL. Periodontal disease and diabetes. JADA. 2006; 137: 26S – 31S.
Wu YY, Xiao E, Graves DT. Diabetes mellitus related bone metabolism and periodontal disease. Int J Oral Sci. 2015; 7(2): 63 – 72.

Al-Khabbaz AK. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontal severity. Oral Health Prev Dent. 2014; 12(1): 77 – 82.


Hanes PJ, Krishna R. Characteristic of inflammation common to both diabetes and periodontitis: are predictive diagnosis and targeted preventive measures possible. EPMA Journal. 2010; 1: 101 – 116.


Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA. Carranza’s clin periodontology. 12th Ed. Elsevier. Canada; 2013.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.11241

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 6960 | views : 26219

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2017 Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


Currently, Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia indexed by:

        

 

 

 

 

 

 View My Stats


real
time web analytics