Deflection test on different orthodontic wire materials sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches

Harris Gadih Pratomo; Endah Mardiati; Eky Soeria Soemantri; Ida Ayu Evangelina

doi:10.22146/majkedgiind.31236

Deflection test on different orthodontic wire materials sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.31236

Harris Gadih Pratomo⁽¹⁾, Endah Mardiati⁽²⁾, Eky Soeria Soemantri⁽³⁾, Ida Ayu Evangelina^(4*)

(1) Orthodontics Specialist Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung
(2) Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung
(3) Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung
(4) Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The development of technology in orthodontic field produces some orthodontic wires that have different deflection abilities. Loading force is the force needed to place an orthodontic wire in bracket slot (activation). Unloading force is the force produced by an orthodontic wire to move tooth (deactivation). Deflection test with three-point bending technique is a technique that is often used to determine the magnitude of the activation and deactivation force of orthodontic wire. Stainless steel (SS), nickel titanium (NiTi), copper nickel titanium (CuNiTi), and beta titanium (TMA), are the types of frequently used wires. This study aimed to compare loading and unloading force on the deflection test of SS, NiTi, CuNiTi, and TMA orthodontic wires sized 0.016 x 0.022 inch on the load-deflection graph. This is a laboratory
experimental research on a total of 16 pieces of SS, NiTi, CuNiTi, and TMA orthodontic wires sized 0.016 x 0.022 inches. The group was divided based on the type of material. The deflection test was performed using a universal testing machine with a press speed of 5 mm/minute. Loading and unloading forces were recorded on deflections of 0.5; 1; and
1.5 mm. Statistical tests of differences among groups were carried out by ANOVA analysis (p-value ≤ 0.05) and post-hoc analysis with T-test. There were significant differences in the loading and unloading forces recorded on deflections of 0.5; 1; and 1.5 mm; except for deflections of 0.5 mm of the SS and nickel-titanium wires. The wire deflection force from
the lowest to the highest was CuNiTi wire, nickel-titanium wire, TMA wire, and stainless-steel wire.

Keywords

deflection test; loading force; orthodontic wire; unloading force; universal testing machine

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.31236