Effect Of Pre-Treatment And Inoculant During Composting Of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunches

https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49551

A.Y. Zahrim(1*), I.K.T. Yee(2), E.S.C. Thian(3), S.Y. Heng(4), J. Janaun(5), K.P. Chong(6), S.K. Haywood(7), V. Tan(8), T. Asis(9), T.M.T.M.A. Al-Mizi(10)

(1) Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA; Sustainable Palm Oil Research Unit, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
(2) Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
(3) Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
(4) Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
(5) Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA; Sustainable Palm Oil Research Unit, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
(6) Sustainable Palm Oil Research Unit, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MALAYSIA
(7) School of Engineering, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
(8) Hatake Global Sdn. Bhd., 151, Jalan USJ 12/1, UEP Subang Jaya, 47630, Selangor, MALAYSIA
(9) Prestige Central Management Sdn. Bhd, 77B Jalan SS21/37 Damansara Utama, 47400 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, MALAYSIA
(10) Prestige Central Management Sdn. Bhd, 77B Jalan SS21/37 Damansara Utama, 47400 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, MALAYSIA
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


In this work, untreated empty fruit bunch (EFB) or microwave-assisted NaOH
pretreated EFB with palm oil mill effluent (POME) were composted under mesophilic
conditions either in the presence or absence of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D203 for sixty
days. During pretreatment conditions, the EFB was mixed with 1% (w/w) sodium
hydroxide and then exposed to microwave irradiation. The composting process was
evaluated based on the evolution of pH, electrical conductivity, moisture content, organic
matter loss, zeta potential and phytotoxicity. The strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D203 is not suitable for EFB-POME composting due to lower organic matter loss. The microwave-assisted NaOH pretreatment contributed to ~15% more organic matter loss than was found in the untreated sample while its germination index was >50%.


Keywords


Composting, Empty fruit bunch, Palm oil mill effluent, Microwave pretreatment, Zeta potential, Phytotoxicity

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ajche.49551

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ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering  (print ISSN 1655-4418; online ISSN 2655-5409) is published by Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada.