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PENGEMBANGAN USAHA TERNAK AYAM BURAS OLEH PETANI MISKIN DI TELUK KULISUSU KABUPATEN BUTON UTARA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA (Development Of Farming Livestock Domestic Poultry By Poor Farmers In Kulisusu Bay, North Buton Regions)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18483

Mukhtar Mukhtar(1*)

(1) Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Haluoleo Kampus Bumi Hijau Tridharma Anduonohu Kendari 93232
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Persentase masyarakat tergolong miskin yang tinggi pada masing-masing wilayah pedesaan di Teluk Kulisusu (sekitar 75%), merupakan pokok permasalahan sosial ekonomi pertanian yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini. Sementara itu, sumber kebutuhan masyarakat di desa-desa yang tidak berbatasan langsung dengan laut, bersumber dari hasil usaha ternak ayam buras. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengkaji besarnya produksi, penerimaan dan pendapatan usahatani ternak ayam buras di tingkat petani, dan (2) mengkaji tingkat keberhasilan dan kemanfaatan usaha ternak ayam buras di tingkat petani. Lokasi studi dikonsentrasikan pada 3 wilayah administrasi desa yakni desa Koepisino (kecamatan Bonegunu), desa Dampalajaya (kecamatan Kulisusu Barat) dan kelurahan Lakonea (kecamatan Kulisusu). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei yang menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani ternak ayam buras di wilayah teluk Kulisusu masih bersifat usaha sampingan dengan produktivitas per-tahun masih sangat rendah. Walaupun tingkat keberhasilan dan kemanfaatan usahatani ternak ayam buras di pesisir teluk Kulisusu tergolong sangat berhasil dan bermanfaat secara ekonomi, namun usahatani tersebut (sejak tahun 2004 sampai 2008) belum dapat diandalkan untuk mengatasi kemiskinan masyarakat karena kontribusinya masih relatif kecil bagi total pendapatan rumah tangga peternak. Usahatani ayam buras di desa-desa pesisir teluk Kulisusu masih perlu dikembangkan kapasitasnya, sehingga kedepan memiliki prospek yang lebih tinggi untuk mengatasi masalah kemiskinan masyarakat. Sejalan dengan itu, sangat diperlukan adanya kegiatan-kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan teknis tentang pengadaan dan pemberian pakan dari bahan baku lokal serta perbaikan sistem budidaya ternak ayam buras semi intensif. Juga sangat diperlukan upaya-upaya pemberdayaan peternak ayam buras melalui pendampingan untuk memperoleh fasilitas modal tunai dan barang-barang modal yang memadai di tingkat lokal.

 

ABSTRACT

The precentage of people who are poor of the high for each country in the Kulisusu gulf region (about 75%) is the principal socio-economic problems of agriculture that were examined in this study. Meanwhile, the source of needs of people in villages that are not directly adjacent to the sea, comes from the domestic poultry breeding. The aims of the study are (1) assessing the extent of the production, reception and free-range poultry farm income at the farmers’ level, and (2) assessing the efficacy and usefulness of native chicken breeding at the farmers’ level. The study was concentrated on three areas namely village administration of Koepisino village (district Bonegunu), Dampalajaya village (West Kulisusudistrict) and Lakonea village (district Kulisusu). This study is a survey research using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that the domestic poultry livestock farming in the gulf region is still considered as sideline job with still very low productivity per year. Despite the success and benefits of livestock farming on the coast of the Kulisusu  gulf of domestic poultry is considered very successful and economically beneficial, the farm (since 2004 till 2008) cannot be relied upon to overcome poverty due to the relatively small contribution to the total household income of farmers. Free-range chicken farm in the Gulf coastal villages Kulisusu capacity also needs to be developed, so that in the future it can be a solution to overcome the problem of poverty. Accordingly, it is necessary to hold outreach activities and technical training on procurement and feeding of local raw materials and improvement of livestock farming systems semi-intensive native chicken. Also it is really necessary empowerment efforts through mentoring local chicken farmers to obtain cash capital and adequate capital goods at the local level.


Keywords


usahatani ternak ayam buras; kemiskinan masyarakat teluk Kulisusu; livestock farming; the poor of people; Kulisusu gulf




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18483

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