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DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM TERHADAP PERILAKU DAN PENDAPATAN PETANI (The Impact of Climate Change to Farmers’ Behavior and Revenue)
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Elly Rasmikayati(1*), Endah Djuwendah(2)
(1) Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363.
(2) Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363.
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Pemanasan global selama abad terakhir telah mengakibatkan perubahan iklim yang sebagian besar terindikasi sebagai bencana lingkungan hidup seperti banjir, kekeringan dan bergesernya musim hujan. Bencana-bencana lingkungan hidup ini sangat berpengaruh terhadap sektor pertanian karena sektor ini memiliki ketergantungan tinggi pada kondisi iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak perubahan iklim terhadap perilaku mitigatif petani dan pendapatan petani. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey-eksplanatory, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel multi-stage cluster random sampling. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa dampak perubahan iklim terhadap perilaku mitigatif petani adalah bahwa secara umum perilaku petani padi sawah di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Timur telah cukup sesuai dengan perilaku yang mitigatif terhadap perubahan iklim seperti memperluas lahan, pemilihan sumber irigasi, memilih varietas unggul berorientasi iklim, pertimbangan iklim dalam memilih pupuk, perbaikan teknik usahatani, perubahan pola tanam serta menggeser masa tanam dan waktu panen. Sedangkan yang belum sesuai dengan perilaku yang mitigatif terhadap perubahan iklim adalah masih sedikitnya yang mengikuti sekolah iklim. Perilaku-perilaku mitigatif yang telah dilakukan sebagian besar petani terhadap perubahan iklim menyebabkan produktivitas padi petani menjadi meningkat sehingga menyebabkan pendapatan petani di Jawa Barat dan Jawa Timur menjadi meningkat pula.
ABSTRACT
Global warming over the past century has caused the climate change which mostly indicated as the environmental disasters such as floods, droughts and shifting rainy season. Environmental disasters are very influential on the agricultural sector because this sector has a high dependence on climatic conditions. This research aims to examine the impact of climate change on mitigative behavior of farmers and farmers' income. The research was conducted by Survey-explanatory method by using Multi Stage Cluster Random Sampling Techniques. Results revealed that the impact of climate change on farmer’s mitigative behavior is that in general rice farmer’s behavior in West Java and East Java have been quite in accordance with the behavior mitigative to climate change such expanding the field, selecting irrigation source, selecting climate-oriented varieties, climate considerations in choosing fertilizers, improved farming techniques, changes in cropping patterns and shifts the planting and harvest time. Meanwhile, the farmer’s behavior that is not in accordance with the mitigative behavior to climate change are still at least that followed the climate school. Mitigative behaviors that have been done by the most of farmers to climate change led to the productivity of rice farmers be increased, causing farmers’ income in West Java and East Java to be increased as well.
Keywords
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Artikel lengkap (PDF) (Bahasa Indonesia)References
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