DISTRIBUSI KARBON DI BEBERAPA PERAIRAN SULAWESI UTARA (Carbon Distribution in North Sulawesi Waters)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Provinsi Sulawesi Utara memiliki memiliki letak strategis di mana berada di jalur pelayaran kawasan pasifik serta kawasan segitiga terumbu karang dunia. Berbagai penelitian kelautan telah dilakukan di kawasan ini, namun demikian belum ada informasi ilmiah tentang karbon laut yang sangat penting untuk memahami dinamika fluks karbon dalam kerangka mitigasi perubahan iklim. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menyediakan informasi awal mengenai sebaran karbon di perairan Sulawesi Utara dan menganalisis potensi penyerapan dan pelepasan karbon dioksida (CO₂) di beberapa perairan Sulawesi Utara. Pengukuran dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan pada parameter pCO₂. Pengukuran pCO₂ dilakukan di perairan Teluk Buyat, Teluk Totok, Teluk Manado, Selat Lembeh dan perairan Tongkaina. Data-data pCO₂ hasil pengukuran di perairan Teluk Buyat berkisar 414,17 – 608,29 µatm, perairan Teluk Ratatotok berkisar 428,18 – 516,97 µatm, perairan Teluk Manado berkisar 385,16 – 395,52 µatm, perairan Selat Lembeh berkisar 342,90 – 492,12 µatm dan perairan Tongkaina berkisar 394,54 – 568,32 µatm. Nilai pCO₂ terendah terletak di perairan teluk Manado sedangkan yang tertinggi terletak di perairan Teluk Buyat. Kisaran hasil pengukuran masih dalam batas normal pengukuran di daerah pesisir yang berkisar antara 200 – 4.600 μatm. Hasil analisis ∆pCO₂ Teluk Buyat, Teluk Totok, perairan Tongkaina dan perairan Selat Lembeh berperan sebagai pelepas karbon dan untuk Teluk Manado berperan sebagai penyerap karbon. 

ABSTRACT

North Sulawesi has strategically located in the shipping lanes of the Pacific region as well as in the Coral Reef Triangle. Various marine researches have been done in the area, however, there is no scientific information about the ocean carbon which is essential to understand the dynamics of carbon flux in terms of climate change mitigation. The purpose of this study is to provide preliminary scientific information on the distribution of carbon and to analyze the sink and source potency in North Sulawesi waters. In situ measurements performed on the parameter pCO₂. Measurements of pCO₂were taken in the waters of Buyat Bay, Totok Bay, Manado Bay, Lembeh Strait and Tongkaina waters. In the waters of Buyat Bay ranged from 414.17 to 608.29 μatm, Ratatotok Bay ranged from 428.18 to 516.97 μatm, Manado Bay waters ranged from 385.16 to 395.52 μatm, Lembeh Strait waters ranged from 342.90 to 492,12 μatm and Tongkaina waters ranged from 394.54 to 568.32 μatm. Lowest pCO₂ values located in Manado Bay, while the highest in Buyat Bay. Range measurement results are within normal limits measurements in coastal areas ranging from 200 – 4.600 μatm. The result of ∆pCO₂analysis shows that Buyat Bay, Totok Bay, Tongkaina waters and Lembeh Strait relatively act as carbon source and Manado Bay as carbon sink.