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* Corresponding Author
ANALISIS TINGKAT PENGUNGKAPAN MODAL INTE
https://doi.org/10.22146/abis.v9i1.64240 Veronika Galuh Fajar Kartika(1*), Singgih Wijayana(2)
(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Akuntansi, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan tingkat pengungkapan informasi modal intelektual atau intellectual capital (yang selanjutnya disebut IC) dari perusahaan highly regulated dan non highly regulated di Indonesia
Metode Penelitian – Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan teori institusional untuk menjelaskan fenomena adanya variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC. Data yang digunakan ialah laporan tahunan dari perusahaan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) pada tahun 2018. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti melakukan kategorisasi perusahaan sampel ke dalam kategori highly regulated industry sejumlah 172 perusahaan dan non highly regulated industry sejumlah 155 perusahaan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 37 sub indikator dengan analisis skoring indeks yang dipilih sebagai metode untuk memberikan bobot pada setiap sub indikator yang diungkapkan dalam laporan narasi. Rentang skor yang digunakan ialah 0,1, dan 2.
Temuan – Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variasi pada pengungkapan informasi IC antara highly regulated industry dan non highly regulated industry. Variasi ini ditunjukkan dari hasil independent t-test sebesar 0,000 yang berarti terdapat variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC dari 2 kategori industri tersebut. Variasi ini dijelaskan melalui teori isomorfisme koersif dan mimetis dalam teori institusional, yang mana perusahaan dalam kategori highly regulated industry memiliki tingkat pengungkapan lebih tinggi karena kegiatan bisnis dari industri tersebut memiliki regulasi yang lebih ketat, hal ini merujuk pada isomorfisme koersif. Sedangkan, perusahaan dalam kategori non highly regulated industry memiliki tingkat pengungkapan yang lebih rendah karena pengungkapan dari perusahaan ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keinginan untuk meniru praktik bisnis yang baik dari perusahaan highly regulated industry, hal ini merujuk pada isomorfisme mimetis.
Orisinalitas – Penelitian ini menggunakan teori institusional sebagai kacamata dalam pengamatan terhadap fenomena variasi tingkat pengungkapan informasi IC yang terjadi antara highly regulated industry dan non highly regulated industry. Penelitian ini tidak hanya ditujukan untuk melihat apakah terdapat variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC, lebih jauh lagi, penelitian ini ditujukan untuk dapat menjawab mengapa terjadi variasi dalam pengungkapan informasi IC menggunakan isomorfisme yang terdapat dalam teori institusional.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/abis.v9i1.64240
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