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Analisis Risiko Penularan Zoonosis dari Serangga Konsumsi
https://doi.org/10.22146/balairung.v2i2.58097 I Made Adi Prema Nanda(1*)
(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Risiko pandemi zoonosis akan meningkat seiring peningkatan konsumsi masyarakat terhadap hewan ternak dan satwa liar sebagai sumber protein hewani. Konsumsi ini akan terus meningkat seiring peningkatan jumlah penduduk dan taraf hidup. Produksi hewan ternak selain dapat menularkan zoonosis juga dapat merusak lingkungan sehingga kemudian memunculkan tren entomofagi (entomophagy) atau mengonsumsi serangga (edible insect) yang dinilai lebih ramah lingkungan. Serangga konsumsi juga memiliki nilai gizi yang mampu bersaing dengan daging sehingga dianggap potensial untuk dikembangkan. Sampai saat ini belum banyak informasi terkait kemungkinan penyebaran zoonosis dari serangga ke manusia yang ditakutkan menjadi penyebab pandemi di masa depan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk mengetahui kemungkinan serangga konsumsi sebagai penular zoonosis ke manusia. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik dokumentasi dengan melakukan pelacakan dokumen dan informasi terkait dengan topik yang dikaji. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sampai saat ini belum ada bukti bahwa serangga konsumsi dapat menularkan zoonosis pada manusia karena hubungan kekerabatan antara serangga dan manusia sangat jauh. Kemungkinan penularan penyakit melalui permukaan tubuh serangga dapat diatasi dengan pengolahan yang tepat sebelum dikonsumsi.
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Daftar Tabel
Tabel 1
Arnold Van Huis. “Potential of insects as food and feed in assuring food security.” Annual Review of Entomology 58, no.1 (2013): 563–583. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153704
Tabel 2
Henning Steinfeld,dkk. Livestock’s long shadow: environmental issues and options. Rome : FAO, 2006.
Tabel 3
Henning Steinfeld,dkk. Livestock’s long shadow: environmental issues and options. Rome : FAO, 2006.
Tabel 4
Dennis G.A.B. Oonincx dan Imke J.M. de Boer. “Environmental impact of the production of hong kong’s as a protein source for humans: a life cycle assessment.” PLoS ONE 7, no.12 (2012): e51145. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051145
Tabel 5
Diadaptasi dari Finke (2002) dan USDA (2012) oleh Oonincx
Tabel 6
Diadaptasi dari Finke (2002) dan USDA (2012) oleh Oonincx
Tabel 7
Diadaptasi dari Finke (2002) dan USDA (2012) oleh Oonincx
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/balairung.v2i2.58097
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