Covid-19 risk factors and health protocol compliance among mall employees and officers in Yogyakarta

https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.59065

Yunita Kemala Dewi(1), Ari Probandari(2*)

(1) Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Population Health, Faculty Medicine Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Purpose: This study aimed to analyze risk factors, compliance with health protocols, and the COVID-19 screening test among mall employees at Yogyakarta city, Indonesia.

Methods: We analyzed secondary data from a cross-sectional study in Yogyakarta City from May-August 2020. The population was all employees at all malls in Yogyakarta City who participated in the screening rapid test zero survey conducted by the Yogyakarta City Government.

Results: Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between ensuring proper mask install (OR = 6.33, p = 0.023, 95% CI = 1.03-38.81), applying a minimum distance of > 1 meter when outside home (OR = 27.34, p = 0.001, 95% CI = 3.01-248.32) and applying a minimum distance of > 1 meter when at work (OR = 22.25, p = 0.003, 95% CI = 2,45-201.65) with the reactive COVID-19 results. Multivariate analysis showed the most dominant variable associated with the reactive rapid test results is not keeping a minimum distance of > 1 meter when outside the house with a value of (OR=11.91, p=0.047, 95% CI = 1.03-137.37). 

Conclusion: The risk factor for Covid-19 for employees and mall staff is physical distancing > 1 meter when outside the house.  The city administration should keep working with mall managers to tighten health protocols in malls and other public areas to prevent Covid-19 transmission.


Keywords


COVID-19; risk factors; health protocols; Yogyakarta City

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Wang CHY, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395: 497–506.
  2. Kemenkes. Covid-19 Indonesia 14 Juni 2020. In: Kementerian Kesehatan. 2020.
  3. Ramakrishnan D. COVID-19 and Face Masks--To Use or Not to Use! Indian Journal of Community Health. 2020;32.
  4. Howard J, Huang A, Li Z, Tufekci Z, Zdimal V, van der Westhuizen H-M, et al. An evidence review of face masks against COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2021;118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2014564118
  5. van der Sande M, Teunis P, Sabel R. Professional and home-made face masks reduce exposure to respiratory infections among the general population. PLoS One. 2008;3: e2618.
  6. Chu DK, Akl EA, Duda S, Solo K, Yaacoub S, Schünemann HJ, et al. Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2020;395: 1973–1987.
  7. MacIntyre CR, Wang Q. Physical distancing, face masks, and eye protection for prevention of COVID-19. The Lancet. 2020. pp. 1950–1951.
  8. ECDC. Considerations Relating to Social Distancing Measures in Response to the COVID-19 Epidemic. In: European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [Internet]. 2020. Available: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/considerations-relating-social-distancing-measures-response-covid-19-second
  9. ILO. Dalam menghadapi pandemi: memastikan keselamatan dan kesehatan di tempat kerja -- Hari K3 Se-Dunia 2020. In: International Labour Organization [Internet]. 2020. Available: https://www.ilo.org/jakarta/whatwedo/publications/WCMS_742959/lang--en/index.htm
  10. Kim E-A. Social Distancing and Public Health Guidelines at Workplaces in Korea: Responses to Coronavirus Disease-19. Safety Health Work. 2020;11: 275–283.
  11. Kellerman RD, Rakel D. Conn’s Current Therapy 2021, E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2020.
  12. Public Health Agency of Canada. Advice for essential retailers during COVID-19 pandemic. 18 Sep 2020 [cited 19 Jan 2021]. Available: https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/diseases/2019-novel-coronavirus-infection/guidance-documents/advice-essential-retailers.html



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.59065

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 7421 | views : 5061

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2021 Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat ISSN 0215-1936 (PRINT), ISSN: 2614-8412 (ONLINE).

Indexed by:

 

Web Analytics Visitor Counter