Studi determinan caregiver terhadap kualitas hidup penderita demensia

https://doi.org/10.22146/bns.v19i3.73896

Resa Budi Deskianditya(1*), Astuti Astuti(2), Yudiyanta Yudiyanta(3)

(1) KSM Saraf, Rumah Sakit Orthopaedi Purwokerto, Banyumas
(2) Departemen Neurologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Departemen Neurologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Dementia is a chronic degenerative disease with poor prognosis and depends on caregivers. The goal of dementia care is to improve or maintain their quality of life (QoL). Caregiver’s role is very important, because it can affect the frequency and type of therapy. Long-term cognitive and physical disability in people with dementia also increase the burden on caregiver. This study aims to assess the determinants of caregivers which may affect the QoL of people with dementia. This was a cross-sectional study. Subjects were dementia patients at the Memory Clinic of RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Subjects and caregivers were interviewed to fill in the questionnaire data, Dementia Quality of Life (DEMQOL), Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Analysis was performed using Pearson/Mann-Whitney/T test, followed by linear regression tests.
Seventy six people with dementia included in this study, with majority diagnosis was vascular dementia (53.9%), and the average DEMQOL Career score was 80.58+17.62 and 81.82+20.80 for DEMQOL Proxy. Bivariate correlation test showed a significant relationship between caregiver age, gender, family relationship, burden (ZBI), and depression (GDS) with the QoL people with dementia (p <0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the caregiver’s age was related to the QoL of people with dementia based on the DEMQOL career (β =0.270; p =0.001) and DEMQOL proxy (β =0.271; p =0.001) and caregiver burden related to the QoL of dementia patients based on DEMQOL career (β =-0.629; p =0.000) and DEMQOL proxy (β =-0.661; p =0.000).
In conclusion, caregiver’s burden and caregiver’s age were significantly related to the QoL of people with dementia.


ABSTRAK

Demensia adalah penyakit degeneratif yang bersifat kronis, memiliki prognosis buruk karena bersifat progresif sehingga akan sangat bergantung pada caregiver. Tujuan perawatan demensia adalah meningkatkan atau mempertahankan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Peran caregiver sangat penting karena dapat mempengaruhi frekuensi dan tipe terapi, selain itu adanya disabilitas kognitif dan fisik jangka panjang pada penderita demensia juga meningkatkan beban pada caregiver. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai determinan caregiver yang berhubungan terhadap kualitas hidup penderita demensia.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional, dengan subjek penderita demensia rawat jalan di Klinik Memori RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk dalam kriteria eksklusi. Wawancara dilakukan kepada penderita dan caregiver untuk pengisian data kuisioner, Dementia Quality of Life (DEMQOL), Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview (ZBI), dan Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Analisis dilakukan dengan uji Pearson/Mann- Whitney/T test, dilanjutkan dengan uji regresi linier.
Didapatkan 76 penderita demensia, mayoritas adalah demensia vaskular (53,9 %) dengan rerata nilai DEMQOL Career adalah 80,58+17,62 dan DEMQOL Proxy adalah 81,82+20,80. Hasil uji korelasi bivariat menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara usia, jenis kelamin, hubungan keluarga, beban (ZBI), dan depresi (GDS) pada caregiver dengan kualitas hidup penderita demensia (p <0,05). Pada uji multivariat, usia caregiver berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup penderita demensia berdasar DEMQOL career (β =0,270; p =0,001) dan DEMQOL proxy (β=0,271; p =0,001) serta beban caregiver berhubungan dengan kualitas hidup penderita demensia berdasar DEMQOL career (β =-0,629; p =0,000) dan DEMQOL proxy (β =-0,661; p =0,000). Simpulan penelitian ini adalah determinan caregiver yang berhubungan bermakna dengan kualitas hidup penderita demensia adalah beban caregiver dan usia caregiver.


Keywords


dementia, caregiver, quality of life

Full Text:

PDF


References

Andrieu S, Coley N, Rolland Y, Cantet C, Arnaud C, Guyonnet S, et al. Assessing Alzheimer’s disease patients’ quality of life: discrepancies between patient and caregiver perspectives. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. 2016;12(4):427-437.

Koca E, Taskapilioglu O, Bakar M. Caregiver burden in different stages of alzheimer’s disease. Archives of Neuropsychiatry. 2017;54:82-86.

Sousa MFB, Santos RL, Arcoverde C, Simoes P, Belfort T, Adler I, et al. Quality of life in dementia: the role of non-cognitive factors in the ratings of people with dementia and family caregivers. International Psychogeriatrics. 2013;25(7):1097- 1105.

Jing W, Willis R, Feng Z. Factors influencing quality of life of elderly people with dementia and care implications: a systematic review. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics. 2016;66:23-41.

Beerens HC, Zwakhalen SM, Verbeek H, Ruwaard D, Hamers JP. Factors associated with quality of life of people with dementia in long-term care facilities: a systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2013;50(9):1259-1270.

Woods RT, Nelis SM, Martyr A, Roberts J, Whitaker CJ, Markova I, et al. What contributes to a good quality of life in early dementia? Awareness and the QoL-AD: a cross-sectional study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 2014;12(1):94.

Raggi A, Corso B, Minicuci N, Quintas R, Sattin D, De Torres L, et al. Determinants of quality of life in ageing populations: Results from a cross-sectional study in Finland, Poland and Spain. PLoS One. 2016;11(7):e0159293.

Dreier A, Thyrian JR, Eichler T, Hoffmann W. Qualifications for nurses for the care of patients with dementia and support to their caregivers: a pilot evaluation of the dementia care management curriculum. Nurse Education Today. 2016;36:310-317.

Zhu CW, Scarmeas N, Ornstein K, Albert M, Brandt J, Blacker D, et al. Health-care use and cost in dementia caregivers: longitudinal results from the Predictors Caregiver Study. Alzheimer’s & Dementia. 2015;11(4):444-454.

Omranifard V, Haghighizadeh E, Akouchekian S. Depression in main caregivers of dementia patients: prevalence and predictors. Advanced Biomedical Research. 2018;7.

Brodaty H, Woodward M, Boundy K, Ames D, Balshaw R, PRIME Study Group. Prevalence and predictors of burden in caregivers of people with dementia. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2014;22(8):756-765.

Camic PM, Williams CM, Meeten F. Does a ‘Singing Together Group’improve the quality of life of people with a dementia and their carers? A pilot evaluation study. Dementia. 2013;12(2):157- 176.

Nugraheni A, Sumarni DW. Pengaruh terapi tertawa terhadap depresi pada usia lanjut. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan. 2006;1(2006).

Smith SC, Lamping DL, Banerjee S, Harwood RH, Foley B, Smith P, et. al. Development of a new measure of health- related quality of life for people with dementia: DEMQOL. Psychological Medicine. 2007;37(5):737-746.

Deskianditya RB, Astuti, Dahlan P. Studi reliabilitas alat ukur demensia quality of life versi Bahasa Indonesia. In: Proceeding Book Musyawarah Kerja Nasional dan Pertemuan Ilmiah Perdossi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Cendekia Press; 2017.

Chappell NL. Social determinants of health: do they apply to caregivers?. International Journal of Health, Wellness & Society. 2016;6(3).

Banerjee S, Smith SC, Lamping DL, Harwood RH, Foley B, Smith P, et al. Quality of life in dementia: more than just cognition. An analysis of associations with quality of life in dementia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2006;77(2):146-148.

Thoits PA. Stress and health: Major findings and policy implications. Journal of health and social behavior. 2010;51(1_ suppl):S41-S53.

Srivastava G, Tripathi RK, Tiwari SC, Singh B, Tripathi SM. Caregiver burden and quality of life of key caregivers of patients with dementia. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine. 2016;38(2):133.

Moyser M, Burlock A. Time use: Total work burden, unpaid work, and leisure. Women in Canada: A Gender-based Statistical Report. 201830;30.

Pöysti MM, Laakkonen ML, Strandberg T, Savikko N, Tilvis RS, Eloniemi-Sulkava U, et al. Gender differences in dementia spousal caregiving. International Journal of Alzheimer’s disease. 2012;2012.

Chen R, Lang L, Clifford A, Chen Y, Hu Z, Han TS. Demographic and socio-economic influences on community-based care and caregivers of people with dementia in China. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine Cardiovascular Disease. 2016;5:1–15.

Beerens HC, Zwakhalen SM, Verbeek H, Ruwaard D, Ambergen AW, Leino Kilpi H, et al. Change in quality of life of people with dementia recently admitted to long term care facilities. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2015;71(6):1435-1447.

Barca ML, Engedal K, Laks J, Selbæk G. Quality of life among elderly patients with dementia in institutions. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. 2011;31(6):435-442.

Inouye K, Pedrazzani ES, Pavarini SC, Toyoda CY. Quality of life of elderly with alzheimer s disease: a comparative study between the patient s and the caregiver s report. Revista Latino- americana de Enfermagem. 2010;18(1):26-32.

Schoenmakers B, Buntinx F, DeLepeleire J. Supporting the dementia family caregiver: the effect of home care intervention on general well-being. Aging & Mental Health. 2010;14(1):44- 56.

Aguirre E, Hoare Z, Streater A, Spector A, Woods B, Hoe

J, Orrell M. Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) for people with dementia—who benefits most?. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2013;28(3):284-290.

Rizzi L, Rosset I, Roriz-Cruz M. Global Epidemiology of Dementia: Alzheimer’s and Vascular Types. BioMed Research International. 2014;2014:908915.

Javanshiri K, Waldö ML, Friberg N, Sjövall F, Wickerström K, Haglund M, et al. Atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, and mixed dementia: prevalence and presentation. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 2018;65(4):1247-1258.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/bns.v19i3.73896

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 455 | views : 1048

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Berkala NeuroSains

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.