Surfactant-Modified Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Salbutamol or Dapsone via Reciprocal Derivatization

Bahaa Malik Altahir; Thulfiqar Jabbar Al-hraishawi; Keith Edward Taylor

doi:10.22146/ijc.99893

Surfactant-Modified Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Determination of Salbutamol or Dapsone via Reciprocal Derivatization

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.99893

Bahaa Malik Altahir^(1*), Thulfiqar Jabbar Al-hraishawi⁽²⁾, Keith Edward Taylor⁽³⁾

(1) Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriya Street, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
(2) Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mustansiriya University, Palestine Street, Baghdad 10052, Iraq
(3) Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Salbutamol (SAL) and dapsone (DPSN) derivatization reactions and analysis procedures were established and improved in this study. SAL was used as a derivatization agent for DPSN, and DPSN was a derivatization agent for SAL. The method of derivatization, the diazonium coupling of SAL and DPSN, was optimized. The optimum parameters were 12 mM hydrochloric acid and 2.4 mM sodium nitrite for diazotization and 24 mM potassium hydroxide for azo coupling. Surfactant-modified dispersive liquid‒liquid microextraction (SM-DLLME) was optimized using a new solvent mixture: an aqueous dye derivative sample mixture, 600 µL of butanol as the extracting solvent, 1.05 wt.% Triton X-100 as the dispersive solvent, and 42 mM potassium chloride. Compared to existing methods, the linearity, correlation coefficients, limits of detection, and molar absorptivities were improved when SM-DLLME followed by HPLC-UV was employed. The proposed technique can detect pharmacological, environmental, and medicinal trace concentrations of SAL and DPSN.

Keywords

surfactant; dispersive; liquid‒liquid microextraction; DPSN; derivatization; SAL

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.99893