https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijdr/issue/feedThe Indonesian Journal of Dental Research2021-05-06T10:46:36+07:00Ika Dewi Anaijdr@ugm.ac.idOpen Journal Systems<p>The Indonesian Journal of Dental Research is an international journal dedicated to the latest advancement of dental research in Indonesia and Asia Pacific regions. The goal of this journal is to provide a platform for dentists and academicians all over the world to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of dental and oral sciences. All manuscripts must be prepared in English, and are subject to a rigorous and fair peer-review process. Accepted papers will immediately appear online followed by printed hard copy. The journal publishes original papers including but not limited to the following fields:</p><div><ul><li>Dental Biomedical Sciences</li><li>Oral Sciences</li><li>Biomaterials</li><li>Community and Preventive Dentistry</li><li>Prosthodontics</li><li>Orthodontics</li><li>Oral Medicine</li><li>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</li><li>Conservative and Endodontics</li><li>Pediatric Dentistry</li><li>Periodontology</li><li>Tissue Engineering</li><li>Radiology and Dental Technology</li></ul></div>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijdr/article/view/65708The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Thickness of Gingival Junctional Epithelium (Study in the Experiment of Caspase-3)2021-05-06T10:46:34+07:00Abdelaziz Eljawadin_purwanti@yahoo.comTotok Utoron_purwanti@yahoo.comNunuk Purwantin_purwanti@yahoo.comDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder manifested by abnormally high levels of blood glucose, resulting in hyperglycemia that affects the oral cavity, leading to periodontitis. The junctional epithelium (JE) is the epithelial component of the dento-gingival unit that is in contact with the toothsurface. Apoptosis and proliferation of JE are essential to maintenance JE thickness. Apoptosis is programmed cell death that can be triggered by various signals and is characterized by well-defined morphologic changes and biochemical features. Caspase-3 is involved in the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis, and the activation of caspase-3 is considered to be the final step in many apoptosis pathways. Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of DM on the expression of caspase-3 and the thickness of JE. Sixteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided equally into two groups: the diabetic group that injected intraperitoneal by streptozotocin (STZ) and negative control group. Measurements of blood glucose levels were analyzed before and at 2, 4 weeks after STZ injection. In addition, JE thickness and expression of caspase-3 were examined after 2 and 4 weeks. JE was stained by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining for thickness measurement and the immunohistochemistry by using the anti-caspase-3 antibody for caspase-3 expression measurement and examined under light microscope. The results of the present study showed that a decrease of JE thickness and increase of caspase-3 expression were obtained while increasing the diabetic duration. Two ways Anova and Least Significant Difference (LSD) tests indicated a significant difference of JE thickness and caspase-3 expression between all groups except in diabetic group after 2 and 4 weeks. Also, caspase-3 expression in diabetic group after 2 and 4 weeks (P > 0.05) were not significantly different. It can be concluded that diabetes mellitus (DM) affected on the thickness and caspase-3 expression of JE. Furthermore, the results suggest that high expression of caspase-3 was associated with the diabetes-induced apoptotic cell-death resulting in reduction of JE thickness. <br /><br />2021-05-06T10:46:34+07:00Copyright (c) 2021 The Indonesian Journal of Dental Researchhttps://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijdr/article/view/65711Influence of Bacterial Endotoxin on Mucosal Immune Response to Phosphorylcholine2021-05-06T10:46:35+07:00Sapta Adisuka Mulyatnoitohiro@tokushima-u.ac.jpKosuke Kataokaitohiro@tokushima-u.ac.jpMakoto Fukuiitohiro@tokushima-u.ac.jpTselmeg Baatarjav Rita Cristina Orihuela Campositohiro@tokushima-u.ac.jpHiro-O Itoitohiro@tokushima-u.ac.jpBacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria<br />that initiates inflammation by activation innate immune responses through Toll-like receptor 4<br />(TLR4). However, the influence of LPS on the mucosal immune reactions remains to be addressed.<br />This study was examined the effect of LPS in nasal vaccination model. BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice<br />were nasally immunized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) conjugated with hapten phosphorylcholine (PC) or trinitrophenol (TNP) with LPS as a mucosal adjuvant, in the presence or<br />absence of cholera toxin (CT). The antibody titers were measured in serum, saliva, and nasal wash<br />fluids by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in IgM, IgG, and IgA isotype-specific<br />manner. The epitope-specific antibody production induced in blood and mucosal fluid was further<br />enhanced by LPS for all isotypes examined. Besides, LPS, which has rarely been regarded as a mucosal adjuvant, was tested for its adjuvanticity by comparing the nasal immunization with PC-KLH plus LPS or with PC-KLH plus CT. LPS showed high adjuvanticity almost equal to CT. Possible differences of LPS from CT as a mucosal adjuvant remains to be elucidated. <br /><br />2021-05-06T10:46:35+07:00Copyright (c) 2021 The Indonesian Journal of Dental Researchhttps://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijdr/article/view/65713The Effect of Toothbrushing Duration on Nickel Chromium Alloy Wear2021-05-06T10:46:35+07:00Sri Budi Barunawatisribudi_b@yahoo.comSiti Sunarintyassribudi_b@yahoo.comRini Dharmastitisribudi_b@yahoo.comNickel-chromium alloy is a preferred material for fixed partial denture due to its low cost as well as good physical and mechanical properties. Tooth brushing using toothpaste produces abrasion on restoration, especially in a long period. This study aimed to observe the effect of toothbrushing duration on the wear of nickel-chromium alloy. Twenty four specimens of nickel-chromium alloy (Metal 4all, Ivoclar, USA) in 30X15X1mm3 dimension were treated using tooth brushing simulation machine (wear test machine, pin on plate unidirectional movement type) and toothpaste (modification of Balsam formula). The brushing durations were 30.9, 77.25, 123.6, and 154.5 hours<br />as the simulation of 2, 5, 8, and 10 years tooth brushing. Surface roughness and weight difference as abrasion indicator were measured and analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by LSD test. Tooth brushing duration of 2, 5, 8, and 10 years increased nickel-chromium alloy surface roughness (Ra) by 0.16, 0.39, 0.43, and 0.56µm with weight loss of 8%, 15%, 23%, and 32 %, respectively. These differences were statistically significant (p <0.05). The result of LSD test showed a significant effect (p <0.05) between groups of toothbrushing duration. The increase of surface roughness affects the increase of wear volume of nickel-chromium alloy indicated by R = 0.11 for brushing duration of 2, 5, 8, and 10 years. The conclusion of this study was 10 years tooth brushing promoted wear on nickelchromium alloy, which<br />was indicated by the increase in surface roughness and weight loss.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />2021-05-06T10:46:35+07:00Copyright (c) 2021 The Indonesian Journal of Dental Researchhttps://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijdr/article/view/65714Lithium Disilicate Glass-Ceramic Surface Appearance after Acid Surface Treatment2021-05-06T10:46:36+07:00Sana Mohammed Alrefaeaborwess@yahoo.comSiti Sunarintyasaborwess@yahoo.comWidowati Widowatiaborwess@yahoo.comDental ceramics are widely used and studied in dentistry because they are durable, aesthetically appealing and provide excellent biocompatibility. All glass-ceramic surfaces must be etched using hydrofluoric acid (HF) to increase surface roughness determined by roughness average (Ra) before cementation to a tooth surface. This research aimed to analyze the effect of hydrofluoric acid surface treatment concentration on the surface roughness of lithium disilicate glass ceramic. A total of fifteen discs of lithium disilicate glass ceramic were prepared (10mm in diameter and 1mm in thickness). Specimens were divided into 3 groups (n=5). Group A (control) was no treatment, group B was etched by 5% HF for 2 min, and group C was etched by 9.5% HF for 2 min. The etched surfaces were observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The measurement of the Ra of the lithium disilicate glass ceramic was determined with surface roughness tester machine. The results showed that the means of Ra (μm) were 0.096±0.009μm, 0.608±0.054μm, and 0.892±0.101μm in group A, B, and C, respectively. The one-way ANOVA showed there was an effect of hydrofluoric acid surface treatment concentration on the surface roughness of the lithium disilicate glass ceramic. The post hoc test showed there was a difference of Ra (μm) among the experimental study groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, the concentration of hydrofluoric acid influences Ra of lithium disilicate glass ceramic. <br />2021-05-06T10:46:36+07:00Copyright (c) 2021 The Indonesian Journal of Dental Researchhttps://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijdr/article/view/65715Identification of Veillonella spp. on Tongue Plaque and Saliva Using Real-Time PCR2021-05-06T10:46:36+07:00Karina Dhaniartiagzarine_deandra@yahoo.comFathia Agzarine Deandraagzarine_deandra@yahoo.comAriadna A Djaisagzarine_deandra@yahoo.comBoy M Bachtiaragzarine_deandra@yahoo.comVeillonella spp., Gram-negative obligate anaerobic cocci bacteria, amounts to 3% in the oral cavity, relies on the fermentation of lactate as a carbon and energy source for growth. The bacteria are considered anti-cariogenic as they metabolize lactic acid into propionic acid which increases oral environment’s pH and reduces demineralization rate of tooth structure. Identification of Veillonella spp. using traditional methods is difficult due to the lack of conventional phenotypic and biochemical tests. Thus, the biomolecular methods are suitable for the specific detection and identification of Veillonella spp. One of the biomolecular methods that can be used is real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), which the results can be qualitative and quantitative. This study aimed to identify Veillonella spp. in tongue plaque’s and saliva’s samples using Real -time PCR. The DNA of Veillonella spp. derived from 36 samples, 18 samples of tongue plaque and 18 samples of saliva, were extracted using a freeze-thaw method and then quantified by real-time PCR using forward primer 5’-CCG TGA TGG GAT GGA AAC TGC-3’ and reverse primer 5’-CCT TCG CCA CTG GTG TTC TTC-3’. Veillonella spp. in 18 samples of tongue plaque was 3,06 x 107 CFU/ml and in 18 saliva samples was 1,51 x 105 CFU/ml. It was concluded real-time PCR can detect Veillonella spp. from all tongue plaque’s and saliva’s samples. <br /> <br /><br />2021-05-06T10:46:36+07:00Copyright (c) 2021 The Indonesian Journal of Dental Research