Fraud Identi cation in Meatballs Product Using Porcine Detection KIT and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods

Abstract

Transparancy in meat label is very important. Accurate labeling is essential for protection of consumer health and religious credence, as well as to ensure the authentication of product before consumers decided to purchase. Pork adulteration and it’s derivates in food product, without any clearly labeling is consider to be fraudulent in trade. The presence of pork in food products are serious concern for moslem as pork is prohibited by The Holy Qur’an. The aim of this research was to determine the presence of pork and to identify meat origins in ten meatballs, taken from northern Yogyakarta-Indonesia. Two methods based on protein and DNA were used for identi cation. They were Porcine Detection KIT and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. Porcine Detection KIT is based on principle of immunochromatographic rapid test. The target antigens are bound by highly speci c antibodies attached to test line and colored microparticles. While, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction is capable of ampli ying few DNA target into milion copies of DNA, using multiple primers. The DNA was isolated from sample using Genomic mini KIT. Optimizing of PCR was conducted in advanced to obtain the most optimum annealing temperatures for DNA ampli cation. Three sets of primer used in this study for multiplex ampli cation: pig (Sus scrofa), cow (Bos taurus) and chicken (Gallus gallus). PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel run in TBE1x buffer at 100V.The results showed that Porcine Detection KIT and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction can detect the presence of pork in samples. Porcine Detection KIT can detect one sample which contaminated with pork. Multiplex PCR not only can detect the presence of pork, but also beef and chicken. There were two samples contaminated with pork according to multiplex PCR detection