GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION AND ESTIMATION OF GENE FLOW FROM SEVERAL SUBPOPULATION OF JAVANESE THIN TAIL SHEEP IN WEST JAVA

Abstract

Predominantly breed of sheep in West Java are Javanese Thin Tail (JTT), and in
some areas have been developed several strain, for example Priangan or Garut sheep that have developed for fighting ram, Priangan or Garut sheep for slaughtered and local thin tail. Gene flow among sub-population of JTT tail sheep are probably through genetic improvement using ram from one subpopulation to others or by purchasing sheep from one subpopulation to others. In order to find out gene flow among subpopulation JTT in West Java, five subpopulation were sampled from four sub-districts (kecamatan) in Garut regency, which was two kecamatans representing Garut fighting ram subpopulation and other two kecamatans for Garut meat sheep
subpopulation. The local sheep were sampled from one kecamatan in Purwakarta
regency. Allele and genotypic frequencies were estimated from four DNA microsatellite ILSTS005, ETH225, CSSM66, and INRAOZ3. Genetic diferentiation or heterogeneity were estimated using Wright’s fixation indices (F-statistics) according to Weir and Cockerham (1984) by using program GENEPOP version 3.2, May 2000, and gene flow were estimated by Nm = [(1/PST) — l]/4. Results of observation shows that PST from ILSTS005, ETH225, CSSM225, and [NRA023 loci were 0.0034, 0.0069, 0.0693, and 0.0382, respectively. FST from all four loci were 0.0329, and significantly different from zero. F51 from CSSM225, and INRA023 loci were significantly different from zero, but F51 from ILSTS005 and ETH225 loci were not significantly different from zero. The results indicated that there were genetic differentiation among population, and an indication of increasing inbreeding as shown by pooled PST from four loci were significantly different from zero. Estimated gene flow from four loci is about 7.3. This indicated that the gene flow is relatively high, probably due to no isolation in sub-population.