COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON BLOOD PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM OF BALI, MADURA, JAVA AND FILIAL ONGOLE CATTLE IN INDONESIA

Abstract

Twenty-five loci of blood protein polymorphism were used to investigate tlle
genetic structure of Indonesian cattle. Ten loci were found polymorphic, which can
be sorted into six specificity alleles belong to Bali cattle. The specificity alleles of
Bali cattle should be from an independent domestication event A phylogenetic tree
of the polymorphic loci was constructed by using the UPGMA method All
populations were significantly difierent (P<0.01). One distinct group of taurine
cattle cluster separately and distantly from Indonesian cattle. Zebu and Bali were the
major origins of cattle populations in Indonesia. Madura cattle could more influence
by Bali cattle than Fillial Ongole did. To asses fitrther the pattem of within and
between populations, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. The
first principal component accounts for 41.89% of the variation clearly distinguishes
the taurine and Bali cattle. The second principal component, which also
ditferentiates the taurine and zebu groups, summarizes 21.35% of the variation. The
third principal component describes 6.95% of the variation and clearly separates the
Indonesian cattle and taurine populations. This study contributes to the knowledge
of the genetic structure and one of them may potential threat of extinction.