In vitro study: optimization of antimicrobial activity of the kapok leaves extract (Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.) using nanoencapsulation technology

Abstract

This research aims to identify the antimicrobial activity of the kapok leaves extract
(Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn) that were used as a feed additive for broiler chicken ration. The
research was conducted with a directional pattern completely randomized design. The method
applied was agar well diffusion method. The treatment was divided into positive control/
tetracycline 100 mg/L antibiotic (P1); negative control/aquadest (P2); kitosan 2,5 mg/ml (P3);
Sodium tripolyphospate/STPP 7,5 mg/ml (P4); kapok leaves extract (KLE) 20 mg/ml (P5); and
kapok leaves nanoencapsulation extract (KLNE) 20 mg/ml (P6). Each treatment was divided
into three replications. The inhibition test was conducted to Salmonella typhimurium,
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria. The research
result showed that the KLNE application improved the antimicrobial activity (P<0.05) better
than that of KLE and negative control. However, it was still lower (P<0,05) than the positive
control, except Escherichia coli that has higher antimicrobial activity (P<0.05) than the
positive control. Based on the result, it was identified that the nanoencapsulation technology
can optimize the antimicrobial activity of kapok leaves extract.