Peningkatan Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kakao ( Theobroma cocoa  L.) Menggunakan Campuran Rizobakteri dan Mikoriza

Faradilla Faradilla; F. Silvi Dwi Mentari; Nur Hidayat; Reza Wahyudi; La Mudi; Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariat

doi:10.22146/veg.81318

Peningkatan Viabilitas dan Vigor Benih Kakao (Theobroma cocoa L.) Menggunakan Campuran Rizobakteri dan Mikoriza

https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.81318

Faradilla Faradilla⁽¹⁾, F. Silvi Dwi Mentari⁽²⁾, Nur Hidayat⁽³⁾, Reza Wahyudi⁽⁴⁾, La Mudi^(5*), Gusti Ayu Kade Sutariat⁽⁶⁾

(1) Program Studi Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda
(2) Program Studi Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda
(3) Program Studi Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda
(4) Program Studi Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda
(5) Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda
(6) Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Halu Oleo
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Penggunaan benih bermutu rendah akan berdampak terhadap penurunan produksi tanaman. Oleh karena itu, guna mendukung peningkatan mutu benih tanaman agar menghasilkan bibit yang bermutu tinggi. Penggunaan rizobakteri dan mikoriza secara tunggal telah mampu memberikan efek yang signifikan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan viabilitas dan vigor benih kakao menggunakan campuran rizobakteri dan mikoriza. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai Juli 2022 yang bertempat di Laboratorium Agronomi Program Studi Budidaya Tanaman Perkebunan Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan 9 perlakuan dan setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 27 unit percobaan. Variabel pengamatan dari penelitian ini meliputi: daya berkecambah (%), keserempakan tumbuh (%), indeks vigor (%), kecepatan tumbuh relatif (% etmal^-1) dan T₅₀(hari). Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (Anova). Hasil analisis yang menunjukkan pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT)_α=0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa campuran rizobakteri dan mikoriza terbukti efektif meningkatkan perkecambahan bibit tanaman kakao. Perlakuan campuran rizobakteri isolat P01 dan dosis mikoriza 50 g memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap peningkatan daya berkecambah hingga mencapai 33.33%, indeks vigor sebesar 100.05%, keserempakan tumbuh sebesar 52,17%, kecepatan tumbuh relatif sebesar 46.21% dan T50 sebesar 25.03% bila dibandingkan dengan tanpa rizobakteri dan tanpa mikoriza (R0M0). Berdasarkan hal ini tentunya, campuran rizobakteri dan mikoriza dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit tanaman kakao.

Keywords

Biopriming Benih; Mikoriza; Rizobakteri; Vigor Benih

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.81318