Ketahanan pangan keluarga dan kualitas konsumsi pangan sebagai faktor penentu kejadian stunting pada balita

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.111272

Tri Mei Khasana(1*), Angelina Swaninda Nareswara(2), Mawaddah Fitriyah(3)

(1) Program Studi Gizi Program Sarjana, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta
(2) Program Studi Gizi Program Sarjana, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta
(3) Program Studi Gizi Program Sarjana, Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan, Universitas Respati Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Household food security and children's dietary quality as determinants of stunting

Background: Nutritional status is determined by dietary intake, which reflects the dietary quality. Poor dietary quality directly contributes to dietary problems in toddlers and is strongly associated with household food security.

Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation of family food security and dietary quality with stunting among toddlers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 104 toddlers aged 2-5 years who reside in the working area of Pleret Community Health Center, Bantul. Family food security was measured using the United States Household Food Security Survey Module (US-HFSSM) questionnaire. Diet quality scores were assessed using a three-level Balanced Nutrition Index (IGS3-60) based on the type of food and portions adjusted to the portions for toddlers according to the Balanced Nutrition Guidelines (PGS). Data analysis used the Chi-Square test.

Results: More than half of toddlers (51%) live in food-insecure households. According to the IGS3-60, most toddlers (93.3%) show poor dietary quality. The average daily portion sizes and IGS3-60 scores for all food components are below the recommended standards of the PGS, except for animal protein, which meets the standard of three portions per day with an IGS3-60 score of 8.3 ± 3.0. Vegetables were the least consumed food group, as shown by both the average daily portions and IGS3-60 scores. Correlation analysis showed that milk consumption portions were the only dietary factor significantly associated with stunting, based on the height-for-age Z-score (p = 0.032).

Conclusions: Household food security and children’s dietary quality were not associated with stunting. However, the daily portion of milk is associated with stunting. 


Keywords


animal protein; dietary quality; household food security; IGS3-60; stunting

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.111272

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