Faktor risiko obesitas pada ibu rumah tangga miskin

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.15361

Digna Niken Purwaningrum(1*), Hamam Hadi(2), I Made Alit Gunawan(3)

(1) Pusat Kebijakan dan Manajemen Kesehatan (PKMK), Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Minat Utama Gizi dan Kesehatan, Program Studi S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Jurusan Gizi, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Yogyakarta,
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Food insecurity is associated with allocation of income for high energy density food consumption that may cause obesity in poor family. In addition, low physical activity may lead to obesity, particularly in individual living in disadvantaged situation.

Objective: To identify risk factors of obesity among poor housewives in Yogyakarta.

Method: This was a case control study, case group was obese housewives and the control group was non obese housewives. The locations of the study were Bumijo and Pringgokusuman which have high population density. The samples were taken purposively. Each group consisted of 70 housewives (1:1) and were matched according to age. Mc.Nemar test and conditional logistic regression were used to identify the risk factors of obesity.

Results: There was no difference in characteristics between the two groups. Food insecurity reached 91,43% in the control group, proportion of excessive energy intake reached 37.86% in the case group, higher than in control group (24.29%). Excessive fat intake in the case group reached 30% whereas in the control group was 28.57%. Low physical activity reached 40% in the case group, and 10% in the control group. The result of Mc.Nemar test showed that food insecurity, energy and fat intake had no significant association with obesity (p>0.05). While physical activity was associated with obesity (p=0.0001). The result of conditional logistic regression showed physical activity was dominant risk factor for obesity among poor housewives (R2=0.1916).

Conclusion: Food security status was not a risk factor for obesity in poor families; energy intake and fat intake contributed to the prevalence of obesity though the influence was smaller than physical activity.


Keywords


risk factor; obesity; poor housewives

Full Text:

PDF


References

Stalker P. Let’s speak out for MDGs; achieving the millenium development goals in Indonesia 2007. Jakarta: Bappenas and UNDP, MDGs Thematic Working Group; 2007.

Oh SY, Hong MJ. Food insecurity is associated with dietary intake and body size of Korean children from low-income families in urban areas. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007;57(12):1598–604.

Shariff ZM, Khor GL. Obesity and household food insecurity: evidence from a sample of rural households in Malaysia. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005;59(9):1049–58.

Badan Penelitian Pengembangan Kesehatan. Laporan hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) Indonesia – tahun 2010. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2011.

Kruger HS, Venter CS, Vorster HH, Margetts BM. Physical inactivity is the major determinant of obesity in black women in the North West province, South Africa: the THUSA study. Nutrition 2002;18(5):422-7.

Rennie KL, Johnson L, Jebb SA. Behavioural determinants of obesity. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;19(3):343–58.

Drewnowski A, Darmon N. The economics of obesity: dietary energy density and energy cost. Am J Clin Nutr 2005;82(1):265S–73S.

Badan Penelitian Pengembangan Kesehatan. Laporan hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) Indonesia – tahun 2007. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2008

Alwan A, Armstrong T, Bettcher D, Branca F, Chisholm D, Ezzati M, Garfield R, MacLean D, Mathers C, Mendis S, Poznyak V, Riley L, Kwok CT, Wild C. WHO global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization Press; 2011.

Inoue S, Zimmet P, Caterson I, Chunming C, Ikeda Y, Khalid AK, Kim YS, Basset J. The Asia-Pacific perspective: redefining obesity and its treatment. Australia: Health Communications Australia Pty Limited on behalf of the Steering Committee (International Diabetes Institute, WPRO, WHO, the International Association for Study of Obesity and the International Obesity Task Force/ IOTF; 2000.

Madiyono B, Moeslichan S, Sastroasmoro S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH. Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam: Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, editor. Jakarta: Sagung Seto; 2002.

Studdert LJ, Frongillo EA, Valois P. Household food insecurity was prevalent in Java during Indonesia’s economic crisis. J Nutr 2001;131(10):2685-91.

Almatsier S. Prinsip dasar ilmu gizi. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2010.

Guidelines for Data Processing and Analysis of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). [series online] 2005 [cited 2010 Jun 7]. Available from:www.ipaq.ki.se

Mello JA, Gans KM, Risica PM, Kirtania U, Strolla LO, Fournier L. How is food insecurity associated with dietary behaviours? An analysis with low-income, ethnically diverse participants in a nutrition intervention study. J Am Diet Assoc 2010;110(12):1906-11.

Adams EJ, Grummer-Strawn L, Chavez G. Food insecurity is associated with increased risk of obesity in California women. J Nutr 2003;133(4):1070–4.

Townsend MS, Peerson J, Love B, Achterberg C, Murphy SP. Food insecurity is positively related to overweight in women. J Nutr 2001;131(6):1738–45.

Gulliford MC, Mahabir D, Rocke B. Food insecurity, food choices, and body mass index in adults: nutrition transition in Trinidad and Tobago. Int J Epidemiol 2003;32(4):508-16.

Dammann KW, Smith C. Factors affecting low-income women’s food choices and the perceived impact of dietary intake and socio-economic status on their health and weight. J Nutr Educ Behav 2009;41:242-53.

Whitaker RC, Sarin A. Change in food security status and change in weight are not associated in urban women with preschool children. J Nutr 2007;137:2134-9.

Larson NI, Story MT. Food insecurity and weight status among U.S. children and families, a review of the literature. Am J Prev Med 2011;40(2):166-73.

Webb AL, Schiff A, Currivan D, Villamor E. Food stamp program participation but not food insecurity is associated with higher adult BMI in Massachusetts residents living in low-income neighbourhoods. Public Health Nutr 2008;11(12):1248-55.

Bernstein MS, Costanza MC, Morabia A. Association of physical activity intensity levels with overweight and obesity in a population-based sample of adults. Prev Med 2004;38(1):94–104.

Klesges RC, Klesges LM, Haddock CK, Eck LH. A longitudinal analysis of the impact of dietary intake and physical activity on weight change in adults. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55(4):818-22.

Duvigneaud N, Wijndaele K, Matton L, Philippaerts R, Lefevre J, Thomis M, Delecluse C, Duquet W. Dietary factor associated with obesity indicators and level of sports participation in Flemish adults: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2007;6:26

Gibson RS. Principles of nutritional assessment. New York: Oxford University Press, Inc; 2005.

Sherwood NE, Story M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Chapter 34: behavioral risk factors for obesity: diet and physical activity. In: nutrition in the prevention and treatment of disease. Minnesota: Academic Press; 2001.

Cleland V, Ball K, Hume C, Timperio A, King AC, Crawford D. Individual, social and environmental correlates of physical activity among women living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Soc Sci Med 2010;70(12):2011-8.

Gidlow C, Johnston LH, Crone D, Ellis N, James D. A systematic review of the relationship between socio-economic position and physical activity. Health Education Journal 2006;65(4):338-67.

Giles-Corti B, Donovan RJ. Socioeconomic status differences in recreational physical activity levels & real & perceived access to a supportive physical environment. Prev Med 2002;35(6):601-11.

King T, Kavanagh AM, Jolley D, Turrell G, Crawford D. Weight and place: a multilevel cross-sectional survey of area-level social disadvantage and overweight/obesity in Australia. Int J Obes 2006;30(2):281-287.

Howart NC, Huang TTK, Roberts SB, Mc.Crory MA. Dietary fiber and fat are associated with excess weight in young and middle-aged US adults. J Am Diet Assoc 2005;105:1365-72.

Formiguera X, Canton A. Obesity: epidemiology and clinical aspects. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2004;18(6):1125-46.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.15361

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 3850 | views : 3841

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2016 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Clinical Nutrition)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free
web stats View My Stats