Pengaruh suplementasi serat Psyllium husk dan diet rendah kalori seimbang terhadap berat badan, kadar kolesterol high-density lipoprotein, dan trigliserida serum pada obes I

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.18878

Irnawaty Rasyid(1*), Rachmad Soegih(2), Dante Saksono Harbuwono(3)

(1) Departemen Ilmu Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
(2) Departemen Ilmu Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia
(3) Divisi Metabolik Endokrin, Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia / Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: The increased prevalence of obesity will bring a great impact in the health sector, due to the effect of the influence of organ in the body such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Reduced energy diet and exercise are effective for management weight loss. During the restriction diet, an obese person should increase the amount of dietary fiber up to 20−35 g/day, specifically of soluble fiber, to more effective fat loss and improve serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride (TG) cholesterol concentration. Psyllium husk (PH) is a source of natural soluble fiber obtained from Plantago ovate Forssk seed.

Objective: The aim of the study have investigated the change of body weight, serum HDL cholesterol, and TG concentration in obese I after supplemented PH 8.4 g/day and balanced deficit calories diet (BDCD) for 4 weeks.

Method: The survey used double-blind randomized clinical trial with parallel design. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups; treatment (T) group and placebo (P) group. The T subjects received psyllium husk (PH) 8.4 g/day and BDCD 1200 kcal/day and the P subjects received placebo and BDCD 1200 kcal/day. The analyzed used independent t-test and Mann-Whitney.

Results: A total 28 subjects (14 subjects in each group) had completed the intervention. There were no serious adverse effects reported during the intervention. Intake of dietary fiber in T group was 17.2 ± 2.8 g/day had significantly higher than P group 8.6 (5.2−15.2) g/day, although supplemented with PH didn’t meet the recommendation of fiber intake (20-35 g/day). Decrease of body weight was -1,8 ± 0,8 kg and triglyceride level was -1,5 (-416−77) in T group that statistically insignificant difference (p=0,39 and p=0,84) with P group -1,6 ± 0,9 kg and -10,0 ± 31,3. Soluble supplementation (P group) increased serum HDL cholesterol concentration was 0,0 ± 4,3 mg/dL that statistically insignificant difference (p=0,86) with T group -0,4 ± 5,9.

Conclusion: PH supplementation 8.4 g/day and BDCD 1200 kcal/day in obese I can not reduce body weight, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride concentration level in 4 weeks.


Keywords


psyllium husk; balanced deficit calories diet; body weight; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; triglyceride; obese I

Full Text:

PDF


References

World Health Organisation. Fact sheets-obesity and overweight. [series online] 2012 [cited 28 Oktober 2012]. Available from: URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/

Litbangkes Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset kesehatan dasar.[series online] 2010 [cited 28 Oktober 2012]. Available from: URL: http://www.riskesdas.litbang.depkes.go.id/2010/

Litbangkes Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset kesehatan dasar. [series online] 2007 [cited 28 Oktober 2012]. Available from: URL: http://www.litbang.depkes.go.id/bl_riskesdas2007

Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta. Data medical check up. Jakarta: Dinas Kesehatan DKI Jakarta; 2010.

Després JP, Lemieux I, Bergeron J, Pibarot P, Mathieu P, Larose E, Rodés-Cabau J, Bertrand OF, Poirier P.Abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome: contribution to global cardiometabolic risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008;28(6):1039–49.

Champe PC, Harvey RA, Ferrier DR. Obesitas. Dalam: Champe PC, Harvey RA, Ferrier DR, editor. Biokimia ulasan bergambar (Lippincott’s Illustrated Review: Biochemistry). Edisi ke 3. Jakarta: EGC; 2010.

Gee M, Mahan LK, Escott-Stump S. Weight management. Dalam: Mahan LK, Escott-Stump S, editor. Krause’s food & nutrition therapy. Edisi ke 12. Canada: Elsevier; 2008.

National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. Detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults. [series online] 2002 [cited 31 Januari 2013]. Available from: URL: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/cholesterol/atp3full.pdf

Brunzell JD, Davidson M, Furberg CD, Goldberg RB, Howard BV, Stein JH, Witztum JL; American Diabetes Association; American College of Cardiology Foundation.Lipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: consensus statement from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation. Diabetes Care 2008;31(4):811–22.

Kushner RF. Evaluation and management of obesity. In: Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Longo DL, Braunwald E, Hauser SL, Jameson JL, editor. Harrison’s principles internal medicine. Edisi ke 17. New York: McGraw Hill; 2008.

Slavin JL. Dietary fiber and body weight. Nutrition 2005;21(3):411–8.

Howarth NC, Saltzman E, Roberts SB. Dietary fiber and weight regulation. Nutr Rev 2001;59(5):129–39.

Lairon D. Dietary fiber and control of body weight. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2007;17(1):1–5.

Ludwig DS, Pereira MA, Kroenke CH, Hilner JE, Van Horn L, Slattery ML, Jacobs DR Jr.Dietary fiber, weight gain, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in young adults. JAMA 1999;282(16):1539–46.

Kromhout D, Bloemberg B, Seidell JC, Nissinen A, Menotti A.Physical activity and dietary fiber determine population body fat levels: the Seven Countries Study. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25(3):301–6.

Jahari AB, Sumarno I. Epidemiologi konsumsi serat di Indonesia. Maj Gizi Indon 2001;25:37–56.

Kartono D, Hardinsyah, Jahari AB, Sulaeman A, Soekatri M. Penyempurnaan kecukupan gizi untuk orang Indonesia. Dalam: Widya Karya Pangan dan Gizi X; 2012. Jakarta: LIPI; 2012.

Singh B. Psyllium as therapeutic and drug delivery agent. Int J Pharm 2007;334(1-2):1-14.

Food Drug Administration. Control of health claims in foods. The Lancet 1998;351:609.

Pal S, Khossousi A, Binns C, Dhaliwal S, Ellis V. The effect of a fibre supplement compared to a healthy diet on body composition, lipids, glucose, insulin and other metabolic syndrome risk factors in overweight and obese individuals. Br J Nutr 2011;105(1):90–100.

Sola R, Godas G, Ribalta J, Vallvé J-C, Girona J, Anguera A, Ostos M, Recalde D, Salazar J, Caslake M, Martín-Luján F, Salas-Salvadó J, Masana L. Effects of soluble fiber (Plantago ovata husk) on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in men with ischemic heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85(4):1157–63.

Madiyono B, Moeslichan S, Sastroasmoro S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH. Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam: Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, editor. Dasar-dasar metodologi penelitian klinis. Edisi ke 4. Jakarta: Sagung Seto; 2011.

Birkett MA, Day SJ. Internal pilot studies for estimating sampel size. Stat Med 1994;13(23-24):2455-63.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). The practical guide indentification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults. [series online] 2000 [cited 31 Januari 2013]. Available from: URL: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/guidelines/prctgd_c.pdf

Nishida C. Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies. Lancet 2004;363(9403):157–63.

Sulaeman A, Setiawan B, Permaesih D, Apriantini A, Afriansyah N. Angka kecukupan gizi. Dalam: Widya Karya Pangan dan Gizi VII; 2004. Jakarta: LIPI; 2004.

Baecke JA, Burema J, Fritjers JE. A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Am J Clin Nutr 1982;36(5):936–42.

Strychar I. Diet in the management of weight loss. CMAJ 2006;174(1):56–63.

Salas-Salvado J, Farres X, Luque X, Narejos S, Borrell M, Basora J, Anguera A, Torres F, Bulló M, Balanza R; Fiber in Obesity-Study Group.Effect of two doses of a mixture of soluble fibres on body weight and metabolic variables in overweight or obese patients: a randomised trial. Br J Nutr 2008;99(6):1380–7.

Astrup A. Dietary management of obesity. J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2008;32(5):575-7.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). High blood cholesterol: what you need to know. [series online] 2005 [cited 5 September 2013]. Available from: URL:http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/chol/wyntk.htm

Melanson K, Dwyer J. Popular diets for treatment of overweight and obesity. Dalam: Wadden TA, Stunkard AJ, editor. Handbook of obesity treatment. Edisi ke 2. New York: Guilford Press; 2002.

Gallagher ML. The nutrients and their metabolism. In: Mahan L, Escott-StumpS, editor. Krause’s food and nutrient therapy. Edisi ke-12. Canada: Elsevier; 2008.

Gropper S, Smith J, Groff J. Fiber. Dalam: Adams P, Lustig A, Feldsman E, Downs E, editor. Advanced nutrition and human metabolism. Edisi ke-5. USA: Wadsworth Cengange Learning; 2009.

Chandalia M, Garg A, Lutjohann D, von Bergmann K, Grundy SM, Brinkley LJ. Beneficial effects of high dietary fiber intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2000;342(19):1392–8.

Ebihara K, Schneeman BO. Interaction of bile acids, phospholipids, cholesterol, and triglyseride with dietary fiber in the small intestine of rats. J Nutr 1989;119(8):1100–6.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.18878

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 8412 | views : 6487

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2017 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (The Indonesian Journal of Clinical Nutrition)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free
web stats View My Stats