Pengaruh asupan Fe, vitamin A, vitamin B12, dan vitamin C terhadap kadar hemoglobin pada remaja vegan

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.22921

Damayanti Siallagan(1*), Prita Dhyani Swamilaksita(2), Dudung Angkasa(3)

(1) Jurusan Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu-ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Esa Unggul
(2) Jurusan Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu-ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Esa Unggul
(3) Jurusan Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Ilmu-ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Esa Unggul
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Vegan has become a diet that started to be many people's choice. Low intake of iron and vitamin B12 is factors that can cause anemia in vegan. On the other side vegans often consume vegetables and fruits that contained high of vitamin A and vitamin C which helps the absorption of iron, that can help prevent anemia.

Objective: The purpose of the research know the effect of the intake of iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, vitamin C on hemoglobin (Hb)levels in young Buddhist vegan Pusdiklat Maitreyawira.

Method: This research uses cross-sectional design. The population in this study are all adolescent vegan in the Buddhist Pusdiklat Maitreyawira. Samples in this study were 31 peoples. Independent variable is an intake of iron, vitamin A, vitamin B12, and vitamin C was obtained by SQ-FFQ, while the dependent variable was Hb with hemoglobin testing system quick-check set. Analysis of the data in this study using Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression.

Results: There is a relationship intake of iron (p=0,000), vitamin B12 (p=0,037), and vitamin C (p=0,000) to Hb level of adolescent vegan in Buddhist Pusdiklat Maitreyawira, there is no relationship intake of vitamin A with a Hb level of adolescent vegan (p=0,220). The result of multivariate analysis using multiple regression analysis of the variables that most influence haemoglobin levels of adolescent vegan are the intake of iron and vitamin C. Each increase of 1 mg Fe intake will increase the Hb concentration as much as 0.013 g/dl and increase of 1 mg of vitamin C intake will increase Hb levels as much as 0.002 g/dl.

Conclusion: Iron and vitamin C intake is the most influence factors to hemoglobin levels of adolescent vegan in Buddhist Pusdiklat Maitreyawira.


Keywords


haemoglobin; iron intake; vitamin A intake; vitamin B12 intake; vitamin C intake

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Anggraini L. Status gizi vegetarian pada komunitas vegetarian di Yogyakarta (kajian pada lacto-ovo vegetarian dan vegan terhadap status IMT, hemoglobin, feritin, dan protein). Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia 2015;11(4).
  2. Craig WJ, Mangels AR. Position of the american dietetic association: vegetarian diets. J Am Diet Assoc 2009;109(7):1266-82.
  3. Abdulla M, Andersson I, Georg N, Berthelsen K, Birkhed D, Ockerman PA, et al. Nutrient intake and health status of vegans: chemical analyses of diets using the duplicate portion sampling technique. Am J Clin Nutr 1981;34(11):2464-77.
  4. Nugroho F, Handayani D, Apriyani Y. Asupan protein nabati dan kejadian anemia wanita usia subur vegan. J Gizi Pangan 2015;10(3):165-70.
  5. Farida, Ida. Determinan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus Tahun 2006 [Tesis]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2006.
  6. Almatsier S. Prinsip dasar ilmu gizi. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2009.
  7. Webster-Gandy J, Madden A, Holdsworth M. Gizi & dietetika. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2014.
  8. Almatsier S, Soetardjo S, Soekatri M. Gizi seimbang dalam daur kehidupan. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2011.
  9. Stark R, Miller AS. Gender and religiousness: can socialization explanations be saved?. AJS 2002;107(6):1399-423.
  10. Notoatmodjo S. Promosi kesehatan dan ilmu perilaku. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta; 2007.
  11. Philips F. Vegetarian nutrition. London UK: British Nutrition Foundation; 2005.
  12. Larsson CL. Dietary intake and nutritional status of young vegans and omnivores in Sweden. Am J Clin Nutr 2002;76(1):100-6.
  13. Nai HME. Kecukupan asupan gizi remaja vegetarian dan nonvegetarian di Yayasan Sri Sathya Sai Bali Tahun 2011. Arc Com Health 2012;1(1):43-9.
  14. Pratiwi E. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi anemia pada siswi remaja di MTS Ciwandan Cilegon Baten Tahun 2015 [Tesis]. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidayatullah; 2015.
  15. Arifin SU. Hubungan asupan zat gizi dengan kejadian anemia pada anak sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Utara. eJournal Keperawatan 2013;1(1).
  16. Gibson RS. Principles of nutritional assessment 2nd Ed. New York: Oxford University Press Inc; 2005.
  17. Gillespie S. Major issues in the control of iron deficiency the micronutrient initiative. New York: UNICEF; 1998.
  18. Palafox NA, Gamble MV, Dancheck B, Ricks MO, Briand K, Semba RD. Vitamin A deficiency, iron deficiency and anemia deficiency among preschool children in The Republic of The Marshall Islands. Nutrition 2003;19(5):405-8.
  19. Syatriani S. Konsumsi makanan dan kejadian anemia pada siswi salah satu SMP di Makassar. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional 2010;4(6):251-4.
  20. Saputri TI. Perbedaan asupan protein, zat besi, asam folat, Vitamin B12 dan kejadian anemia pada ibu nifas yang melakukan mutih dan tidak melakukan mutih di Kecamatan Gebog Kabupaten Kudus [Tesis]. Semarang: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro; 2015.
  21. Wardlaw G. Contemporary nutrition issues and insights. Toronto: Mosby Year Book; 1992.
  22. Kirana DP. Hubungan asupan zat gizi dan pola menstruasi dengan kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di SMA N 2 Semarang [Artikel penelitian]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2011.
  23. Adriani MSM. Peranan gizi dalam siklus kehidupan. Jakarta: Kencana; 2012.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.22921

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 16380 | views : 19183

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2017 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free
web stats View My Stats