Tipe tubuh (somatotype) dengan sindrom metabolik pada wanita dewasa non-obesitas usia 25 – 40 tahun

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.42345

Betsi Kusumaningnastiti(1), Enny Probosari(2), Fillah Fithra Dieny(3*), Deny Yudi Fitranti(4)

(1) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(2) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(3) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(4) Departemen Ilmu Gizi, Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Body type (somatotype) with metabolic syndrome among non-obese woman aged 25-40 years old

Background: The prevalence of central obesity was found high in women, not only in obese individuals but also occur in non-obese individuals or metabolically obese normal weight (MONW). Endomorph marked by higher fat mass, which will lead to metabolic disorders.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the correlation of somatotype with metabolic syndrome in a non-obese woman.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study, subjects were selected using purposive sampling involving 46 women 25-40 years old with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 in several offices in the City of Semarang, consist of Balai Besar Teknologi Pencegahan dan Pencemaran Industri, Dinas Pekerjaan Umum, and Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Central Java. Somatotype data is measured in three components, namely endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph. The resulting value of each component is calculated using the Heath-Carter formula. Triglycerides, HDL, and fasting blood glucose measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods. Blood pressure measured by aneroid sphygmomanometer. Syndrome metabolic was defined as metabolic syndrome risk score (cMetS). Data were analyzed by Rank Spearman and Pearson.

Results: The subject's body type is endomorph as much as 91.3% and ectomorph-endomorph (8.7%). Central obesity (50%), low HDL levels (28%), hypertriglyceridemia (2%), normal GDP levels (100%), hypertension (15%), metabolic syndrome (13%), and metabolic pre-syndromes (47, 8%) found in the subject of this study. There were correlation between endomorph (p=0.005; r=0.4) and ectomorph (p=0.000; r=-0.53) with waist circumference. There was a significant correlation between endomorph with metabolic syndrome risk score (p=0.05; r=0.129).

Conclusions: Endomorph was associated with a metabolic syndrome risk score. Higher endomorph tends to have higher metabolic syndrome risk scores.


Keywords


body type; metabolic syndrome; non-obese woman

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Santrock, John W. Life Span development: perkembangan masa hidup. 1st Ed. Jakarta: Erlangga; 2007.
  2. Dewi ANC, Mahmudiono T. Hubungan pola makan, aktivitas fisik, sikap, dan pengetahuan tentang obesitas dengan status gizi pegawai negeri sipil di Kantor Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Timur. Jurnal Media Gizi Indonesia. 2012;9(1):42-8.
  3. Solechah SA, Briawan D, Kustiyah L. Proporsi dan faktor risiko sindrom metabolik pada Pekerja Wanita di Pabrik Garmen di Kota Bogor. Penel Gizi Makan. 2014;37(1):21-32.
  4. Kamso S, Purwantyastuti, Lubis DU, Juwita R, Robbi YK, Besral. Prevalensi dan determinan sindrom metabolik pada kelompok eksekutif di Jakarta dan sekitarnya. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional. 2011;6(2):85-90. doi: 10.21109/kesmas.v6i2.110
  5. Galic BS, Pavlica T, Udicki M, Stokic E, Mikalacki M, Korovljev D, et al. Somatotype characteristics of normal-weight and obese women among different metabolic subtypes. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(1):60-5. doi: 10.1590/2359-3997000000159
  6. International Diabetes Federation (IDF). The IDF concensus worldwide definition of the metabolic syndrome. [series online] 2006 [cited 2 July 2018]. Available from: URL https://www.idf.org/component/attachments/attachments.html?id=705&task=download
  7. Sirait AM, Sulistiowati E. Sindrom metabolik pada orang dewasa di Kota Bogor, 2011-2012. Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. 2014;24(2):81-8.
  8. Suliga E, Kozieł D, Ciesla E, Głuszek S. Association between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome in individuals with normal weight: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J. 2015;14:55. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0045-9
  9. St-Onge MP, Janssen I, Heymsfield SB. Metabolic syndrome in normal-weight Americans: new definition of the metabolically obese, normal-weight individual. Diabetes Care. 2004;27(9):2222-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.27.9.2222
  10. Karastergiou K, Smith SR, Greenberg AS, Fried SK. Sex differences in human adipose tissues – the biology of pear shape. Biol Sex Differ. 2012;3(1):13. doi: 10.1186/2042-6410-3-13.
  11. Carter L, Health B. Somatotyping development and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2002.
  12. Koleva M, Nacheva A, Boev M. Somatotype and disease prevalence in adults. Rev Environ Health. 2002;17(1):65-84. doi: 10.1515/reveh.2002.17.1.65
  13. Herrera H, Rebato E, Hernandez R, Hernandez V, Alfonso S. Relationship between somatotype and blood pressure in a group of institutionalized Venezuelan elders. Gerontology. 2004;50(4):223-9. doi: 10.1159/000078351
  14. Buffa R, Floris G, Putzu P, Carboni L, Marini E. Somatotype in elderly type 2 diabetes patients. Coll Antropol. 2007;31(3):733-7.
  15. Urrutia-Garcia K, Martinez-Cervantes T, Salas-Fraire O, Guevara-Neri N. Somatotype of patients with type 2 diabetes in a university hospital in Mexico. Medicina Universitaria. 2015;17(67):71-74.
  16. Carter JEL. The heath-carter anthropometric somatotype. [series online] 2002 [cited 2 July 2018]. Available from: URL: http://www.somatotype.org/Heath-CarterManual.pdf
  17. Okosun I, Lyn R, Davis-Smith M, Eriksen M, Seale P. Validity of a continuous metabolic risk score as an index for modeling metabolic syndrome in adolescents. Ann Epidemiol. 2010;20(11):843-51. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.08.001
  18. Alegria E, Cordero A, Laclaustra M, Grima A, Leon M, Cassanovas J. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Spanish working population. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2005;58(7):797-806.
  19. Ervin RB. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults 20 years of age and over, by sex, age, race and ethnicity, and body mass index: United States, 2003-2006. Nat Health Stat Reports. 2009;13(13):1-7.
  20. Kaur J. A comprehensive review on metabolic syndrome. Cardiol Res Pract. 2014; 2014:943162. doi: 10.1155/2014/943162
  21. Vidigal Fde C, Ribeiro AQ, Babio N, Salas-Salvadó J, Bressan J. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and pre-metabolic syndrome in health professionals: LATINMETS Brazil study. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2015;7:6. doi: 10.1186/s13098-015-0003-x
  22. Baltadjiev A. Somatotype characteristics of female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Folia Med. 2013;55(1):64-9. doi: 10.2478/folmed-2013-0007
  23. Rexrode KM, Carey VJ, Hennekens CH, Walters EE, Colditz GA, Manson JE, et al. Abdominal adiposity and coronary heart disease in women. JAMA. 1998;280(21):1843-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.280.21.1843
  24. Ronco AL, Mendoza B, Varas X, Jaumandreu S, et al. Somatotype and risk of breast cancer: a case-control study in Uruguay. Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2008;11(2):215-27. doi: 10.1590/S1415-790X2008000200004
  25. Rahmawati NT, Hastuti J, Ashizawa K. Age-related variation on somatotypes of Javanese people in Yogyakarta Province. Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran. 2008;40(4):181-8.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.42345

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 6431 | views : 13595

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia (JGKI) Indexed by:
 
  

  free web stats View My Stats