Aktivitas fisik dan konsumsi makan berhubungan dengan hipertensi lansia

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.88089

Alifia Zahra Priandari(1), Farida Wahyu Ningtyias(2*)

(1) Peminatan Gizi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Jember, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
(2) Peminatan Gizi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Jember, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Relationship between physical activity and food consumption with elderly hypertension

Background: Lumajang Regency has experienced an increasing prevalence of hypertension, with the highest number of cases reported at Rogotrunan Primary Health Center. Physical activity plays an important role in preventing elevated blood pressure. Dietary patterns characterized by high fat and sodium intake, as well as low fiber and potassium consumption, are recognized as major risk factors for hypertension.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the associations between physical activity and dietary intake and hypertension in the working area of the Rogotrunan Primary Health Center.

Methods: This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of older adults aged >60 years who attended 82 integrated elderly health posts, totaling 1,440 individuals. A sample of 115 older adults from 25 health posts was selected using multistage cluster random sampling, comprising 92 females and 23 males. Data were collected from March to May 2023 using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short-form, the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ), and a digital sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the Chi-Square test.

Results: The results demonstrated significant associations between physical activity (p=0.033) and sodium intake (p=0.000) with hypertension among older adults. However, no significant associations were found between total fat intake (p=0.383), fiber intake (p=0.253), potassium intake (p=0.683), frequency of fat-rich food consumption (p=0.319), frequency of sodium-rich food consumption (p=0.392), frequency of fiber-rich food consumption (p=0.388), and frequency of potassium-rich food consumption (p=0.646) with hypertension.

Conclusion: Physical activity and sodium intake were significantly associated with hypertension among older adults. In contrast, the fat, fiber, and potassium intake, as well as the frequency of consumption of foods containing fat, sodium, fiber, and potassium, were not significantly associated with hypertension.


Keywords


elderly; food consumption; frequency of food consumption; hypertension; physical activity

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.88089

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