Ingkat Kebersihan Tiga Segmen Saluran Akar Pasca Preparasi Menggunakan Instrumen Putar Mtwo Single Length, Protaper Crown Down, Dan Protaper Hybrid



Agustinus Ronny Cahyadi(1*), Tunjung Nugraheni(2), Wignyo Hadriyanto(3)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Konservasi Gigi, Program Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Spesialis, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Bagian Ilmu Konservasi Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Bagian Ilmu Konservasi Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Kebersihan saluran akar merupakan salah satu tujuan preparasi saluran akar. Penggunaan instrumen putar berbahan nikel titanium mulai banyak digunakan karena mampu menghasilkan kebersihan saluran akar yang lebih baik daripada instrumen manual berbahan stainless steel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat kebersihan pada 3 segmen saluran akar pasca preparasi menggunakan instrumen putar nikel titanium (NiTi) Mtwo single length, ProTaper crown down, dan ProTaper hybrid.
Subjek penelitian 12 gigi premolar maksila dan mandibula pasca pencabutan yang dipotong sehingga menyisakan akar sepanjang 12 mm, dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, kelompok I dipreparasi menggunakan instrumen putar Mtwo single length, kelompok II dipreparasi menggunakan ProTaper crown down, dan kelompok III dipreparasi menggunakan ProTaper hybrid. Seluruh subjek penelitian dipotong longitudinal, kemudian dilakukan pelapisan emas. Pengamatan tingkat kebersihan saluran akar menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dengan perbesaran 2.000 kali pada 3 area pandang, 1/3 koronal, 1/3 tengah, dan 1/3 apikal. Hasil foto mikrografis (SEM) kemudian diberi skor 1-4 berdasarkan tubuli dentinalis yang tidak tertutup oleh material hasil preparasi.
Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tingkat kebersihan 3 segmen saluran akar yang antar kelompok (p<0,05). Hasil uji U Mann-Whitney antar segmen pada setiap kelompok menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kebersihan saluran akar yang terbaik di 2/3 koronal dan terjelek di 1/3 apikal dan pada 1/3 tengah hasil preparasi ProTaper hybrid memiliki tingkat kebersihan saluran akar terbaik (p<0,05). Pada penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa masing-masing instrumen putar mampu membersihkan saluran akar secara maksimal di 2/3 koronal namun kurang mampu membersihkan saluran akar di 1/3 apikal dan tingkat kebersihan saluran akar terbaik di 1/3 tengah
menggunakan instrumen ProTaper hybrid.

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