Pengaruh Bahan Pencampur Kalsium Hidroksida dengan Teknik Irigasi Agitasi Terhadap Sisa Kalsium Hidroksida pada Sepertiga Apikal Dinding Saluran Akar (Penelitian Laboratoris)



Emmawati Prawitasari(1*), Diatri Nari Ratih(2), Widowati Siswomihardjo(3)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Konservasi Gigi, Program Pendidikan Dokter Gigi Spesialis, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Bagian Ilmu Konservasi Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Bagian Ilmu Biomaterial Kedokteran Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The most widely used intracanal medicament is calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH2). However the residue of Ca(OH)2 in  the root canal must be removed prior to obturation. The residue of Ca(OH)2 in the root canal walls would result in apical leakage. This is due to the unstable dimension of Ca(OH)2, reduced flow and working time of the sealers, and decreased adhesion of sealers and gutta percha to root canal walls. This study aimed to determine the effect of Ca(OH)2 vehicles and agitation irrigation techniques on the residue of Ca(OH)2 in the apical third of the root canal walls. Twenty four extracted mandibular first premolars were used in this study. The crowns of the teeth were removed at the apical part of cemento enamel junction with a length of 14 mm from the apical. The canals were prepared with a Step Back technique to obtain Master Apical File (MAF ) # 40. The specimens were randomly devided into 4 groups of 6 each.  In groups IA and IB, the pastes of  Ca(OH)2+ chlorhexidine digluconate 2% mixture  were applied, followed by manual agitation and ultrasonic passive techniques for eliminating Ca(OH)2 from  the root canal . In groups IIA and IIB, the pastes of Ca (OH)2+ glycerin were applied, followed by manual agitation and ultrasonic passive techniques. Each specimen of the study was sectioned in the sagittal direction, then was photographed under a stereo microscope at 120x magnification. The percentages of Ca(OH)2 residue were calculated using UTHSCSA image tool 3 software. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA at 95% level of significance.
The results revealed that the group of  Ca(OH)2+ chlorhexidine digluconate 2% paste with h passive ultrasonic agitation irrigation technique showed the lowest number of residual Ca(OH)2. The group of Ca(OH)2+ glycerin paste with manual agitation irrigation technique showed the highest number of residual Ca(OH)2. The conclusion of this study was that the vehicles and the agitation irrigation techniques affected the total residue of Ca(OH)2.

Keywords


calcium hydroxide, manual agitation, passive ultrasonic agitation, chlorhexidine digluconate 2 %, glycerin, residual Ca(OH)2

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