Evaluasi Implementasi Kebijakan Bantuan Operasional Kesehatan di Tiga Puskesmas Kabupaten Ende Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2011

Abstract

Background: Health Operational Assistance policy is given by the government based on the consideration that operational cost from local government is relatively small and widely used for curative and rehabilitative activities as well as less emphasis on promotive and preventive efforts. BOK fund distribution to Primary Health Care often had administrative obstacles and delays in liquefaction. The purpose of the study: to evaluate the implementation of BOK policy in three Primary Health Cares of Ende district.

Methods: The study used a qualitative design with a descriptive case study approach. Results: The BOK funds used in Primary Health Care was utilized based on BOK guidelines that is promotive and preventive in which the utilization is based on the needs in the field with accountability guidelines according to BOK guidelines. The fund was often received late and yet the activity of Primary Health Care was still implemented by using loan or debt system. The role of the head of Primary Health Care in socialization and monitoring as well as the role of staff in the implementation of BOK policy was not yet optimal in Primary Health Care. The coverage program funded by BOK did not showed significant improvement due to limited human resources and lack of oversight in the implementation of BOK policy. Conclusion: The implementation of BOK policy in Primary Health Care was adapted with BOK guidelines for administration purposes, and for the completeness of SPJ without paying attention on the impact toward community. The delayed funds in Primary Health Care due to the fund was given late to the district level and delay in submitting POA so that the activity of Primary Health Care was implemented with credit system. The role of the head of Primary Health Care was not yet optimum in the socialization and monitoring of BOK policy implementation in Primary Health Care. BOK policy has no impact on the program improvement due to the lack of human resources and oversight in the implementation of BOK.

Latar belakang: Kebijakan Bantuan Operasional Kesehatan (BOK) diberikan oleh pemerintah berdasarkan pertimbangan bahwa biaya operasional dari pemerintah daerah relatif kecil dan banyak digunakan untuk kegiatan kuratif dan rehabilitatif serta kurang menitikberatkan pada upaya promotif dan preventif. Distribusi dana BOK ke puskesmas sering mengalami kendala administratif dan keterlambatan dalam waktu pencairan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kebijakan BOK di tiga puskesmas Kabupaten Ende Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kualitatif, dengan pendekatan studi kasus deskriptif. Hasil: Dana BOK di puskesmas dimanfaatkan sesuai juknis BOK yakni untuk upaya kesehatan promotif dan preventif secara administratif, dimana pemanfaatannya disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan di lapangan dengan pertanggungjawabannya disesuaikan dengan juknis BOK. Dana terlambat diterima namun kegiatan di puskesmas tetap terlaksana dengan menggunakan sistem pinjam ataupun hutang. Peran kepala puskesmas dalam sosialisasi dan monitoring serta peran staf dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan BOK belum optimal di puskesmas. Cakupan program yang dibiayai BOK tidak menunjukan peningkatan secara signifikan. yang disebabkan terbatasnya SDM dan kurangnya pengawasan dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan BOK. Kesimpulan: Implementasi kebijakan BOK di puskesmas disesuaikan dengan juknis BOK untuk tertib administrasi, untuk kelengkapan SPJ tanpa memperhatikan dampak bagi masyara- kat. Keterlambatan dana di puskesmas disebabkan dana yang diberikan terlambat sampai ke tingkat kabupaten dan keterlam- batan dalam memasukan POA sehingga kegiatan di puskesmas dijalankan dengan sistem pinjam. Peran kepala puskesmas belum optimal dalam sosialisasi dan monitoring pelaksanaan Kebijakan BOK di puskesmas. Kebijakan BOK tidak berdampak pada pe- ningkatan program secara signifikan yang disebabkan kurangya SDM dan pengawasan dalam pelaksanaan kebijakan BOK.