Evaluasi Pengadaan Obat dengan E-Purchasing Melalui E-Catalogue di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2017 – 2018
Wijaya Andi Saputra(1*), Diah Ayu Puspandari(2), Muhammad Faozi Kurniawan(3)
(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Latar belakang: Pengaturan pengadaan obat berdasarkan e-catalogue dengan metode e-purchasing adalah dalam rangka meningkatkan efektifitas, efisiensi dan transparansi pada proses pengadaan obat program JKN. Rumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia DIY mulai menggunakan metode pengadaan obat tersebut pada tahun 2017 setelah sebelumnya menggunakan metode pengadaan langsung. Kendala yang dialami dalam pengadaan adalah waktu pengiriman obat yang bervariasi; beberapa obat yang stoknya kosong di e-catalogue karena kosong pabrik; beberapa penyedia yang mensyaratkan pembelian dengan minimal faktur sehingga tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan; pemesanan yang lama direspon oleh penyedia; obat tidak masuk e-catalogue; terbatasnya tenaga kefarmasian sebagai pejabat pengadaan obat. Tujuan penelitian: Melakukan evaluasi pengadaan obat dengan metode e-purchasing melalui e-catalogue di RS Jiwa Grhasia DIY tahun 2017-2018. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap responden yang dianggap mengetahui dan terlibat dalam proses pengadaan dan atau pengelolaan obat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Grhasia DIY. Data sekunder didapatkan melalui observasi dokumen yang berhubungan dengan pengadaan obat di RS Jiwa Grhasia DIY tahun 2017-2018. Hasil penelitian: Prosentase jumlah obat dengan lead time lebih dari 30 hari tahun 2017 dan 2018 dengan metode e-purchasing adalah sebesar 35,17% dan 26,98%. Lead time obat dengan metode pengadaan langsung tidak ada yang lebih dari 30 hari. Realisasi pengadaan obat metode e-purchasing paling rendah sebesar 78,72% pada triwulan 4 tahun 2017 dan paling tinggi sebesar 87,93% pada triwulan 2 tahun 2018. Waktu kekosongan obat jiwa paling lama adalah selama 9 bulan dengan tingkat ketersediaan selama 3 bulan. Belum ada bagan struktur organisasi pengadaan obat di RS Jiwa Grhasia. Harga obat yang diperoleh dengan metode pengadaan langsung sebagai akibat kegagalan dalam proses e-purchasing lebih mahal. Pejabat pengadaan obat di RS Jiwa Grhasia bukan seorang tenaga kefarmasian. Kesimpulan: Lead time dan kekosongan obat di e-catalogue merupakan masalah eksternal dari pengadaan obat dengan metode e-purchasing di RS Jiwa Grhasia. Selain itu, terdapat masalah internal seperti terbatasnya tenaga farmasi sebagai pejabat pengadaan obat, ketidakjelasan koordinasi karena ketiadaan bagan struktur organisasi pengadaan obat, dan inefisiensi anggaran karena proses e-purchasing yang gagal.
Background : The regulation of medicines procurement based on e-catalogue with e-purchasing method is in order to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and transparency in the procurement process of JKN medicines. Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital has been using e-purchasing method in 2017 after previously using the direct procurement method. Barriers encountered in the medicines procurement process are the varying length of lead time; unavailability of medicines in e-catalogue because of medicines stock out at the provider level; some providers determine purchases with a certain nominal so that it is not in accordance with the plan; some providers require a long time to answer the order; some medicines that are not included in the e-catalogue list; limited pharmacy staff as drug procurement officials.
Objective : The aim of this research was to evaluate the medicines procurement with e-purchasing method through e-catalogue at Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital in 2017-2018.
Research method : This research was qualitative with a case study approach and used in-depth interviews with respondents who were considered to be understanding and involved in the procurement and / or management of medicines at Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital. Secondary data was obtained through observation of documents relating to the medicines procurement at Grhasia DIY Mental Hospital in 2017-2018.
Results : The percentage of medicines with a lead time of more than 30 days in 2017 and 2018 with e-purchasing method was 35.17% and 26.98%. The lead time for medicines with the direct procurement method was no more than 30 days. The lowest realization of procurement of drugs using the e-purchasing method was 78.72% in the fourth quarter of 2017 and the highest was 87.93% in the second quarter of 2018. The longest unavailability of antipsychotic drugs was 9 months with only 3 months availability level. There was no chart of medicines procurement organization in Grhasia Mental Hospital. The price of medicines obtained by direct procurement as a result of failure in the e-purchasing process was more expensive. Medicines procurement official at the Grhasia Mental Hospital was not a pharmacist.
Conclusion : Lead time and medicines stock out in e-catalogue was external factors that inhibit medicines procurement using e-purchasing method at Grhasia Mental Hospital. In addition, there was internal problems such as the limited number of pharmacists as medicines procurement officials, unclear coordination because there was no chart of medicines procurement organization, and budget inefficiency due to a failed e-purchasing process.
Keywords: Medicines procurement, e-purchasing, medicine availability.Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.47800
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