Cryotherapy terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Pasien Open Fraktur Femur Post Open Reduction External Fixation (OREF): Studi Kasus

Abstract

Objective: Patients with grade III open fractures treated with OREF may experience postoperative pain, which can hinder mobilization and prolong their hospital stay. Non-pharmacological interventions such as cryotherapy are needed to help control pain safely. Clinical nursing practice does not have enough case studies on the effectiveness of cryotherapy in reducing postoperative pain.
Objective: To describe the application of cryotherapyfor pain reduction in a patient with a grade III open femoral fracture following OREF in a case study.
Case Report: This case study involved one male patient with postoperative pain following femoral fracture surgery who received cryotherapy in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for cold therapy at Seruni Ward, dr. Soebandi Regional Hospital, Jember. For three days, the therapy was given once daily for 15 minutes. The researcher assessed the intensity of pain using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) before and after each intervention session.
Result: Pain scores decreased gradually from 6 to 4 on the first day, 5 to 3 on the second day, and 4 to 2 on the third day. In addition, facial grimacing and protective behavior showed gradual improvement over the three-day intervention period.
Conclusion: Cryotherapy was effective in reducing postoperative pain and can be utilized as a safe and practical non-pharmacological nursing intervention.

INTISARI

Latar belakang: Nyeri pasca operasi pada pasien fraktur femur OREF, terutama fraktur terbuka grade III, dapat menghambat mobilisasi dan memperpanjang rawat inap. Intervensi nonfarmakologis seperti cryotherapy diperlukan untuk membantu mengontrol nyeri secara aman. Studi kasus mengenai efektivitas pemberian cryotherapy terhadap penurunan nyeri pasca operasi masih terbatas dalam praktik keperawatan klinis
Tujuan: Mendeskripsikan penerapan cryotherapy terhadap penurunan nyeri pada pasien fraktur femur sinistra terbuka grade III pasca OREF dalam studi kasus.
Laporan kasus: Studi kasus ini melibatkan satu pasien laki-laki dengan nyeri pasca operasi fraktur femur yang diberikan terapi cryotherapy sesuai dengan Standar Prosedur Operasional (SPO) tindakan terapi dingin di Ruang Seruni RSD dr. Soebandi Jember, yaitu selama 15 menit, satu kali sehari, selama tiga hari berturut-turut. Penilaian tingkat nyeri dilakukan oleh peneliti menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) melalui pengukuran sebelum (pretest) dan sesudah (posttest) pemberian intervensi pada setiap sesi terapi.
Hasil: Skala nyeri menurun bertahap dari 6 menjadi 4 pada hari pertama, 5 menjadi 3 pada hari kedua, dan 4 menjadi 2 pada hari ketiga. Selain itu, ekspresi meringis dan sikap protektif menunjukkan perbaikan bertahap selama tiga hari intervensi.
Simpulan: Cryotherapy efektif menurunkan nyeri pasca operasi dan dapat digunakan sebagai intervensi keperawatan nonfarmakologis yang aman dan praktis.