Hubungan antara Dukungan Sosial dan Aktivitas Fisik pada Kelompok Risiko Sindrom Metabolik di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Turi Sleman

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44268

Imah Nur Chasanah(1), Melyza Perdana(2*)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Hypertension and diabetes mellitus cases, as part of the metabolic syndrome, are increasing in the working area of Puskesmas Turi. One of the preventive efforts is promoting physical activity. On the other hand, physical activity is influenced by internal and external factors, such as social support from the environment.
Objective: To determine the relationship between social support and physical activity in the risk group for metabolic syndrome in the working area of Puskesmas Turi, Sleman Regency.
Methods: This study was a descriptive correlational study with a cross-sectional design. The research respondents were 87 people categorized in metabolic syndrome risk group with inclusion criteria, i.e. BMI ≥ 23; abdomen circumference >90 cm for male and >80 cm for female; and aged 30 to 60 years. Data collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaire to measure the level of physical activity and to measure the level of social support was using social support and exercise surveys. Data was analyzed using univariate analysis and Spearman Rank.
Result: The level of physical activity of most of the respondents were 43,8% (moderate). Respondents received social support mostly from friends rather than family members. Spearman Rank score for testing the correlation between social support (from family and friend) and respondents’ physical activity achieved r = -0,117; p = 0,282 and r = 0,036; p = 0,740.
Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between social support and physical activity in the metabolic syndrome risk groups in the working area of Puskesmas Turi, Sleman Regency.

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Kasus hipertensi dan diabetes sebagai bagian dari sindrom metabolik, mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Turi. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk dilakukan suatu pencegahan agar menekan angka sindrom metabolik. Salah satunya dengan melakukan aktivitas fisik. Aktivitas fisik, dipengaruhi faktor internal dan eksternal, seperti dukungan sosial dari lingkungan.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan aktivitas fisik pada kelompok risiko sindrom metabolik di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Turi Kabupaten Sleman
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah 87 orang yang termasuk dalam kategori kelompok risiko sindrom metabolik dengan kriteria inklusi, IMT ≥ 23; lingkar perut >90 cm pada pria dan >80 cm pada wanita; dan berusia 30 sampai 60 tahun. Proses pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) untuk mengukur tingkat aktivitas fisik dan Social Support and Exercise Survey untuk mengukur tingkat dukungan sosial. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan Spearman Rank.
Hasil: Aktivitas fisik sebagian besar kelompok risiko sindrom metabolik sebesar 43,7% atau termasuk dalam tingkat aktivitas fisik sedang. Dukungan sosial dari teman lebih tinggi dibandingkan dukungan sosial dari keluarga. Dari hasil uji Spearman Rank, didapatkan hubungan dukungan sosial keluarga dan teman terhadap aktivitas fisik sebesar r=-0,117; p=0,282 dan r=0,036; p=0,740.
Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan sosial dengan aktivitas fisik pada kelompok risiko sindrom metabolik di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Turi Kabupaten Sleman.


Keywords


aktivitas fisik; dukungan sosial; sindrom metabolik

Full Text:

PDF


References

  1. Kemenkes RI 2012. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2011 [Internet]. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. 2012. 1–220 p. Available from: http://www.depkes.go.id/resources/download/pusdatin/profil-kesehatan-indonesia/Profil-Kesehatan-Indonesia-2016.pdf
  2. Alberti KGMM, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing The Metabolic Syndrome: A Joint Interim Statement of The International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International. Circulation. 2009; 120(16): 1640–5.
  3. Sinclair KA, Bogart A, Buchwald D, Henderson JA. The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Risk Factors in Northern Plains and Southwest American Indians. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(1):118–20.
  4. Mansbridge J. Skin substitutes to enhance wound healing. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 1998;7(5):803–9.
  5. Driyah S, Oemiati R, Rustika, Hartati NS. Prediktor Sindrom Metabolik : Studi Kohor Prospektif Selama Enam Tahun di Bogor, Indonesia. Media Litbangkes. 2019; 29(3): 215 – 224. available from: https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v29i3.654
  6. A, A, G, Budhiarta., S, Aryana., M, R., Sutanegara, D., & K S. Sindrom Metabolik di Bali. Surabaya Metab Syndr Updat. 2005;1:139–47.
  7. Soewondo P, Purnamasari D, Oemardi M, Waspadji S, Soegondo S. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Using NCEP / ATP III Criteria in Jakarta , Indonesia : The Jakarta Primar1. Dwipayana MP, Suastika K, Saraswati I, Gotera W, Budhiarta A, Sutanegara, et. al. Prevalensi Sindrom Metabolik pada Populasi Penduduk Bali, Indonesia. Acta Med Indones-Indones J Intern Med. 2010; 42(4): 199–203.
  8. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Bairey Merz CN, Brewer HB, Clark LT, Hunninghake DB, et al. Implications of Recent Clinical Trials for The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines. Circulation. 2004; 110(2): 227–39.
  9. Kaur J. Assessment and Screening of The Risk Factors in Metabolic Syndrome. Med Sci. 2014; 2(3): 140–52.
  10. Clark DO. Age, Socioeconomic Status, and Exercise Self-Efficacy. Gerontologist. 1996; 36(2): 157–64.
  11. Mahboubi Anarjan P, Monfared HH, Arslan NB, Kazak C, Bikas R. (E)-4-Hydroxy-N′-(2-Hydroxy-5-Iodobenzylidene) Benzohydrazide Methanol Monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Reports Online. 2012; 68(9): 1–15.
  12. Sallis JF, Grossman RM, Pinski RB, Patterson TL, Nader PR. The Development of Scales to Measure Social Support for Diet and Exercise Behaviors. Prev Med (Baltim). 1987; 16(6): 825–36.
  13. Anderson PJ, Bovard RS, Wang Z, Beebe TJ, Murad MH. A Survey of Social Support for Exercise and Its Relationship to Health Behaviours and Health Status among Endurance Nordic Skiers. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e010259. Available from: http://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010259.
  14. Bantas K, Yoseph HK, Moelyono B. Perbedaan Gender pada Kejadian Sindrom Metabolik pada Penduduk Perkotaan di Indonesia. Kesmas Natl Public Heal J. 2012; 7(5): 219.
  15. Riskesdas. Pedoman Pengukuran dan Pemeriksaan Balitbangkes. Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2007.
  16. Janghorbani M, Amini M, Willett WC, Gouya MM, Delavari A, Alikhani S, et al. First Nationwide Survey of Prevalence of Overweight, Underweight, and Abdominal Obesity in Iranian adults. Obesity. 2007; 15(11): 2797–808.
  17. Novitasary MD. Hubungan antara Aktivitas Fisik dengan Obesitas pada Wanita Usia Subur Peserta Jamkesmas di Puskesmas Wawonasa Kecamatan Singkil Manado. J e-Biomedik. 2014; 1(2): 1040–6.
  18. Sugianti, E., Hardinsyah., Afriansyah N. Faktor Risiko Obesitas Sentral Elya Sugianti,. Gizi Indonesia. 2009; 32(2): 105–16.
  19. Widiantini W, Tafal Z. Aktivitas Fisik, Stres, dan Obesitas pada Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Kesmas Natl Public Heal J. 2014; (4): 325.
  20. Zahtamal Z, Prabandari YS, Setyawati L. Prevalensi Sindrom Metabolik pada Pekerja Perusahaan. Kesmas Natl Public Heal J. 2014; 9(2): 113.
  21. Johnson ER, Carson TL, Affuso O, Hardy CM, Baskin ML. Relationship between Social Support and Body Mass Index among Overweight and Obese African American women in The Rural Deep South, 2011-2013. Prev Chronic Dis. 2014; 11: E224.
  22. Laird Y, Fawkner S, Kelly P, McNamee L, Niven A. The Role of Social Support on Physical Activity Behaviour in Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int Journal of Behav Nut and Phys Acti. 2016; 13(79). Available from: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0405-7.
  23. Sarkar S, Taylor WC, Lai, D, Shegog R, Paxton RJ. Social Support for Physical Activity: Comparison of Family, Friends, and Coworkers. Work. 2016; 55: 893-899. doi:10.3233/WOR-162459.
  24. Robbins LB, Ling J, Dalimonte-Merckling DMD, Sharma DB, Bakhoya M, Pfeiffere KA. Sources and Types of Social Support for Physical Activity Perceived by Fifth to Eighth Grade Girls. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2018; 50(2): 172–180. Available from: http://doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12369.
  25. Silva ICM, Azevedo MR, Gonçalves H. Leisure-time physical activity and social support among Brazilian adults. J Phys Act Heal. 2013; 10(6): 871–9.
  26. Oliveira AJ, Lopes CS, de Leon ACP, Rostila, M, Griep RH, Werneck GL, Faerstein E. Social support and Leisure-Time Physical Activity: Longitudinal Evidence from The Brazilian Pró-Saúde Cohort Study. Oliveira et al. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. 2011; 8(77): 2-10. Available from: http://www.ijbnpa.org/content/8/1/77.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44268

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1143 | views : 822

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Imah Nur Chasanah, Melyza Perdana



Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) 
collaborates with DPW PPNI DIY

Lisensi Creative Commons  

Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis dan Komunitas (Clinical and Community Nursing Journal) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.