Penggunaan Smartphone dalam Mengelola Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Glycated Haemoglobin pada Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2: Literatur Review

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44297

Latifah Nurul Aziza(1), Anggi Lukman Wicaksana(2*), Eri Yanuar Akhmad Budi Sunaryo(3)

(1) Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Rumah Sakit Akademik Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Globally, people with diabetes mellitus are increasing in number, mostly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is a specific diabetes management that could prevent severe complication. This diabetes management could be helped by using smartphone application.
Objective: To identify the use of a smartphone application on blood glucose level and glycated haemoglobin management in T2DM.
Methods: This study was a literature review. The database used in this study were Pubmed, Science Direct, and Cochrane. The literature inclusion criteria were written in English, published between 2008 and 2018, available in free full text, using T2DM as a sample, using smartphone or mobile phone as intervention, provided blood glucose levels and/or glycated haemoglobin as outcomes, and research paper. Books and seminar results were excluded. The study applied PRISMA guidelines to extract and synthesize data.
Results: There were three papers that met the requirements as the result of systematic search. The use of smartphone application supported blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin improvement by reducing their level, from bad to moderate condition. The improvement was happened in the presence of several smartphone applications for diabetes education service, feedback, and self-monitoring.
Conclusion: The use smartphone application help in managing blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels. Nurse and other healthcare staffs could utilize smartphone to control blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin levels by educating and self-monitoring diabetes patient’s condition.

 

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang: Jumlah penyandang diabetes melitus di seluruh dunia terus mengalami peningkatan dengan mayoritas diabetes melitus tipe 2. Diabetes memerlukan adanya manajemen secara tepat untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi. Pemakaian smartphone, dipercaya dapat membantu pengelolaan diabetes.
Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui penggunaan smartphone dalam mengelola kadar glukosa darah dan glycated haemoglobin pada penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review. Database yang digunakan, yaitu PUBMED, Science Direct, dan Cochrane. Kriteria inklusi literatur meliputi naskah berbahasa Inggris, terbit antara tahun 2008 sampai 2018, tersedia dalam free full text, sampel penelitian adalah penyandang diabetes melitus tipe 2, intervensi berupa penggunaan smartphone atau mobile phone, memiliki luaran kadar glukosa darah dan/atau kadar glycated haemoglobin, dan berupa artikel penelitian. Literatur yang berbentuk buku dan hasil seminar tidak dimasukkan dalam analisis. Penelitian menggunakan panduan PRISMA untuk ekstraksi dan sintesis data.
Hasil: Ditemukan hanya ada tiga naskah penelitian yang memenuhi persyaratan berdasarkan pencarian sistematis. Penggunaan smartphone membantu mengelola kadar glukosa darah dan glycated haemoglobin, yaitu dapat membantu menurunkan kadarnya sehingga mengubah dari kategori buruk ke kategori sedang. Perbaikan tersebut terjadi karena adanya aplikasi smartphone dalam bentuk layanan edukasi, umpan balik, dan pemantauan mandiri.
Kesimpulan: Penggunaan smartphone membantu mengelola kadar glukosa darah dan glycated haemoglobin. Perawat dan petugas kesehatan dapat memanfaatkan smartphone untuk membantu mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah dan glycated haemoglobin melalui pendidikan dan pemantauan mandiri pada kondisi pasien diabetes.


Keywords


diabetes tipe 2; glukosa darah; glycated haemoglobin; smartphone

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.44297

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