Manajemen Luka Tekan Pada Pasien Tirah Baring : Literature Review

https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.80144

Tiur Yulianta Simamora(1*), Fittriya Kristanti(2), Sinta Restu Wibawa(3)

(1) Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Departemen Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Background: Pressure sores are a health problem that has an impact on health conditions, length of hospitalization, growing treatment costs, and more fatally result as in death. Therefore, pressure sores management is needed to prevent and minimize their impact. Unfortunately, there are only small number of literature reviews about pressure sores management on bed rest patients.
Objective: To determine research about the management of pressure sores in bed rest patients
Method: Literature review was carried out using PRISMA flowcharts with journal databases such as Sciencedirect, Willey Online, and EBSCO. The keywords of the PICO framework were Bed rest patient AND management decubitus OR pressure sores OR pressure ulcers AND minimize decubitus. Inclusion criterias included focus on prevention and treatment of pressure sores, publication of the last 10 years, open access, English, and original research. As for the exclusion criteria was review article type research.
Result: There were 3674 articles obtained by searching three databases: PubMed, Sciencedirect, and ProQuest plus handsearch. It was found that  pressure sores management focused on prevention and treatment. Pressure sores prevention were using techniques such as using mattresses, carrying out periodic repositioning, carrying out skin care, and using bandages or pads. On the other hand, pressure sores treatment were using Cathodal and Cathodal-Anodal High Voltage Monophasic Pulses, and using honey or other preparations such as Thai Herbal Oil (THO).
Conclusion: Management of pressure sores in bed rest patients varies but generally focuses on two main goals, namely preventing and healing pressure sores.

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Luka tekan merupakan suatu masalah kesehatan yang berdampak pada kondisi kesehatan, lama rawat inap, peningkatan biaya perawatan, dan yang lebih fatal adalah mengakibatkan kematian. Oleh karena itu, manajemen luka tekan diperlukan untuk mencegah dan meminimalkan dampak dari luka tekan. Namun, studi pustaka terkait hal ini pada pasien tirah baring masih jarang dilakukan. 
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui penelitian tentang manajemen luka tekan pada pasien tirah baring.
Metode: Tinjauan literatur dilakukan menggunakan alur diagram PRISMA. Database jurnal yang digunakan meliputi Sciencedirect, Willey Online, dan EBSCO. Kata kunci dari kerangka kerja PICO, yaitu Bed rest patients AND management decubitus OR pressure sores OR pressure ulcer AND minimize decubitus. Kriteria inklusi meliputi artikel yang berfokus pada pencegahan dan penanganan luka dekubitus, publikasi 10 tahun terakhir, open access, berbahasa Inggris, dan penelitian original. Sementara, kriteria eksklusinya adalah penelitian artikel jenis review.
Hasil: Hasil pencarian literatur didapatkan 3674 artikel pada pencarian tiga database, yaitu PubMed, Sciencedirect, dan ProQuest ditambah handsearching (pencarian secara manual). Dalam artikel-artikel tersebut disimpulkan bahwa manajemen luka tekan berfokus pada pencegahan dan perawatan luka. Pada fokus pencegahan digunakan teknik penggunaan matras, reposisi berkala, perawatan kulit, dan penggunaan balutan atau bantalan. Sedangkan fokus pada perawatan luka tekan dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan Katodal dan Katodal-Anodal Pulsa Monofasik tegangan tinggi, dan menggunakan madu atau sediaan Thai Herbal Oil (THO).
Simpulan: Manajemen luka tekan pada pasien tirah baring cukup bervariasi. Namun, secara umum berfokus pada dua tujuan utama, yaitu mencegah atau menyembuhkan luka tekan.

Kata kunci: luka tekan; manajemen; pasien tirah baring


Keywords


management, pressure sores, bed rest patients.

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkkk.80144

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