* Corresponding Author
Pengelolaan Pertanian Berkelanjutan Berbasis Eco-spirituality dalam Tradisi Komunitas Adat Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Cultural Socio-Ecological System (Studi Pada Tradisi Komunitas Adat Di Tajakembang – Cilacap)
https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.100561 Sudarto Sudarto(1*), Yeni Wijayanti(2), Cipto Surya Pramesti(3), Deden Dendi Agustina(4)
(1) Galuh University
(2) Galuh University
(3) Galuh University
(4) Galuh University
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This research discusses eco-spirituality in the tradition of the Tajakembang indigenous community - Cilacap, with a focus on sustainable agricultural management and the resilience of the cultural socio-ecological system.
Using an ethnographic approach and qualitative analysis, this research illustrates how this community integrates spiritual values in their agricultural practices, thus creating a sustainable and resilient agricultural system, referring to the development of harmonious relationships between humans and nature, as well as the integration of Islamic values oriented towards environmental balance. The application of community resilience theory and social practice theory in this study provides a critical perspective to analyse the dynamic interaction between structure and agency in social relations.
This research contributes to the understanding of eco-spirituality in indigenous community traditions, emphasising its role in sustainable agricultural management and the resilience of the cultural socio-ecological system and the integration of various values. The resilience of the cultural socio-ecological system refers to a community's ability to adapt and survive in the face of environmental and social change. Eco-spirituality values strengthen the resilience of the Tajakembang indigenous community, for example, resource sharing practices and traditional knowledge can increase the community's adaptive capacity to climate change.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abdullah, MS, & Keshminder, JS (2020). Agama dan perilaku pro-lingkungan: analisis komparatif terhadap perlindungan lingkungan. Jurnal Internasional Lingkungan dan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan , 19 (2), 174–194. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESD.2020.106662
Adow, AHA, Safeer, MM, Mohammed, MGH, Sayeed Alam, M., & Sulphey, MM (2024). Sintesis literatur akademis tentang eko-spiritualitas. Jurnal Global Ilmu Lingkungan dan Manajemen , 10 (4), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.22034/gjesm.2024.04.40
Albizua, A., Bennett, EM, Larocque, G., Krause, RW, & Pascual, U. (2021). Jaringan sosial memengaruhi praktik pertanian dan keberlanjutan pertanian. PLoS ONE , 16 (1 Januari), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244619
Ammerman, NT (2020). Memikirkan Kembali Agama: Menuju Pendekatan Praktik. Jurnal Sosiologi Amerika , 126 (1), 6–51. https://doi.org/10.1086/709779
Andayani, AAI, Martono, E., & Muhamad, M. (2017). Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengembangan Desa Wisata Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Sosial Budaya Wilayah (Studi Di Desa Wisata Penglipuran Bali). Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional , 23 (1), 1. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.18006
Anthati, B., Cheema, G., Yadav, K., & Amrale, S. (2022). Keberlanjutan melalui Spiritualitas: Menjelajahi Pengaruh Konsep Keterhubungan India Kuno. South Asian Journal of Management , 29 (5), 46–68.
Armstrong, K. (2022). Sacred nature: How we can recover our bond with the natural world. Random House.
Barber, A. (2020). An Eco-Spiritual Approach to Solving Climate Change: An Applied, Ethnographic Study of Communication and Spirituality in an Environmental Organization. University of Colorado at Boulder.
Bhandari, K. P. (2021). Eco-spirituality in Bhūmi Sūkta. JODEM, 12(1), 72–84. https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v12i1.38718
Billet, M. I., Baimel, A., Sahakari, S. S., Schaller, M., & Norenzayan, A. (2023). Ecospirituality: The Psychology of Moral Concern for Nature Matthew. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 87, 102001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102001
Bratton, S. P. (2021). Religion and the Environment: An Introduction (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403919571_1
Brondízio, E. S., Aumeeruddy-Thomas, Y., Bates, P., Carino, J., Fernández-Llamazares, Á., Ferrari, M. F., Galvin, K., Reyes-García, V., McElwee, P., Molnár, Z., Samakov, A., & Shrestha, U. B. (2021). Locally Based, Regionally Manifested, and Globally Relevant: Indigenous and Local Knowledge, Values, and Practices for Nature. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 46, 481–509. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-012127
Bui, H. T., Jones, T. E., Weaver, D. B., & Le, A. (2020). The adaptive resilience of living cultural heritage in a tourism destination. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(7), 1022–1040. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1717503
Carmen, E., Fazey, I., Ross, H., Bedinger, M., Smith, F. M., Prager, K., McClymont, K., & Morrison, D. (2022). Building community resilience in a context of climate change: The role of social capital. Ambio, 51(6), 1371–1387. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-021-01678-9
Carr, E. R. (2019). Properties and projects: Reconciling resilience and transformation for adaptation and development. World Development, 122, 70–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2019.05.011
Chaudhry, S. (2022). Environmental Stewardship: Perspectives from the Islamic Teachings African. Journal of Sociological and Psychological Studies, 1(1), 121–138. https://doi.org/10.31920/2753-3182/2022/v1n1a5
Cinner, J. E., & Barnes, M. L. (2019). Social Dimensions of Resilience in Social-Ecological Systems. One Earth, 1(1), 51–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2019.08.003
Cleaver, F., Whaley, L., & Mwathunga, E. (2021). Worldviews and the Everyday Politics of Community Water Management. Water Alternatives, 14(3), 645–663.
Colchester, M. (1994). Sustaining the Forests: The Community-based Approach in South and South-East Asia. Development and Change, 25(1), 69–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.1994.tb00510.x
Dhiman, S. (2016). The Case for Eco-spirituality: Everybody Can Do Something. In S. Dhiman & J. Marques (Eds.), Spirituality and Sustainability: New Horizons and Exemplary Approaches (pp. 1–16). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34235-1_1
Dissanayake, H., Dissabandara, H., Ajward, R., & Perera, W. (2024). Spirituality and Sustainability: a Bibliometric Review. Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences, 18(1), 165–184. https://doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v18i1.6753
El-Sherbini, M. S., Tajudeen, Y. A., Oladipo, H. J., Oladunjoye, I. O., Adebayo, A. O., & Mahmood, J. (2023). Planetary Health and Anthropocene Discourse: The Role of Muslim Religious Leaders. Challenges, 14(4), 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe14040046
Etuk, A. R., & Anweting, L. I. (2021). African Cosmovision and Eco-Spirituality: Healing the Ecological Crisis in Africa. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 10(9), 23–48. https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2021/v10/i9/sep21043
Ford, J. D., King, N., Galappaththi, E. K., Pearce, T., McDowell, G., & Harper, S. L. (2020). The resilience of indigenous peoples to environmental change. One Earth, 2(6), 532–543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.05.014
Furehaug, M. L. (2020). Islam in the Age of the Ecological Apocalypse–A Content Analysis of the Islamic Eco-Theological Discourse. University of Oslo.
Gallagher, S., & Tierney, W. (2020). Religiousness/Religiosity. In M. D. Gellman (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine (pp. 1881–1882). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_489
Hirang, L. T., Clyde, J., Corpuz, G., & Candiasan, M. C. (2021). Eco-Spirituality Towards Ecological Conversion: A Response to Eco-Moral Crises. Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Sustainable Development, 9(1), 136–140. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.16195.07205
Hosen, N., Nakamura, H., & Hamzah, A. (2020). Adaptation to climate change: Does traditional ecological knowledge hold the key? Sustainability, 12(2), 676. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020676
Humtsoe, M. Z. (2023). Religion, Ecology, and the Commons: An Indigenous Perspective. Religion, Ecology, and Politics, 68(2), 53–76.
Kader, H. (2021). Human well-being, morality and the economy: an Islamic perspective. Islamic Economic Studies, 28(2), 102–123. https://doi.org/10.1108/ies-07-2020-0026
Kahil, A. (2020). Ecology and Islam. In D. A. Leeming (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion (pp. 735–739). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_9328
Kais, S. M., & Islam, M. S. (2016). Community capitals as community resilience to climate change: Conceptual connections. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(12), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13121211
Kanu, I. A. (2021). African Eco-Spirituality: Nature And Sources. Journal of African Studies and Sustainable Development, 1–21. https://acjol.org/index.php/jassd/article/view/1878
Kanu, I. A. (2022a). African Eco-Theology: Meaning, Forms and Expressions (1st ed.). AuthorHouse; The Association for the Promotion of African Studies. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.26388.83846
Kanu, I. A. (2022b). African Indigenous Ecological Spirituality And Ecological Crisis. Tolle Lege: Augustinian Journal Of Philosophy And Theology, 4(1), 1–51.
Kanu, I. A. (2023). African Indigenous Ecological Spirituality And Ecological Crisis. Bulletin.Hds.Harvard.Edu, 1–25. https://bulletin.hds.harvard.edu/the-ecological-value-of-igbo-spirituality/
Kanu, I. A. (2024). The Value of Space (EBE) in Igbo Eco-Spirituality. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (PJLSS), 22(1), 1653–1666. https://doi.org/10.57239/pjlss-2024-22.1.00115
Keller, M., Sahakian, M., & Hirt, L. F. (2022). Connecting the multi-level-perspective and social practice approach for sustainable transitions. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 44, 14–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2022.05.004
Kime, K. G. (2020). Entheogens. In D. A. Leeming (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion (pp. 792–796). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_200181
Klitkou, A., Bolwig, S., Huber, A., Ingeborgrud, L., Pluciński, P., Rohracher, H., Schartinger, D., Thiene, M., & Żuk, P. (2022). The interconnected dynamics of social practices and their implications for transformative change: A review. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 31, 603–614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.03.027
Koliou, M., van de Lindt, J. W., McAllister, T. P., Ellingwood, B. R., Dillard, M., & Cutler, H. (2018). State of the research in community resilience: progress and challenges. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, No Volume. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2017.1418547
Kovach, M. (2021). Indigenous methodologies: Characteristics, conversations, and contexts (2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.2012.00420.x
Lau, J. D., Song, A. M., Morrison, T., Fabinyi, M., Brown, K., Blythe, J., Allison, E. H., & Adger, W. N. (2021). Morals and climate decision-making: insights from social and behavioural sciences. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 52, 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2021.06.005
Leo, S., Supriatna, J., Mizuno, K., & Margules, C. (2022). Indigenous Dayak Iban customary perspective on sustainable forest management, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 23(1), 424–435. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230144
Lestari, G.-. (2016). Partisipasi Pemuda Dalam Mengembangkan Pariwisata Berbasis Masyarakat Untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Sosial Budaya Wilayah (Studi di Desa Wisata Pentingsari, Umbulharjo, Cangkringan, Sleman, D.I. Yogyakarta). Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 22(2), 137. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.17302
Li, J., Han, F., Chen, Z., & Cai, Y. (2023). Synergizing a socio-ecological system: reflections on community-based natural resource management at the World Heritage Site of Mount Huangshan, China. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 66(4), 861–881. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2021.2007060
Li, T., Dong, Y., & Liu, Z. (2020). A review of social-ecological system resilience: Mechanism, assessment and management. Science of The Total Environment, 723, 138113. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138113
Lockhart, H. (2011). Spirituality and Nature in the Transformation to a More Sustainable World : Perspectives of South African Change Agents [University of Stellenbosch]. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18075
Löhr, K., Aruqaj, B., Baumert, D., Bonatti, M., Brüntrup, M., Bunn, C., Castro-Nunez, A., Chavez-Miguel, G., Rio, M. L. Del, Hachmann, S., Muñoz, H. C. M., Ollendorf, F., Rodriguez, T., Rudloff, B., Schorling, J., Schuffenhauer, A., Schulte, I., Sieber, S., Tadesse, S., … Weinhardt, M. (2021). Social cohesion as the missing link between natural resource management and peacebuilding: Lessons from cocoa production in côte d’ivoire and Colombia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313002
Madden, R. (2022). Being Ethnographic : A Guide to the Theory and Practice of Ethnography (pp. 1–196). SAGE Publications. http://digital.casalini.it/9781529608847
Mazzocchi, F. (2020). A deeper meaning of sustainability: Insights from indigenous knowledge. The Anthropocene Review, 7(1), 77–93. https://doi.org/10.1177/2053019619898888
McGregor, D., Whitaker, S., & Sritharan, M. (2020). Indigenous environmental justice and sustainability. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 43, 35–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2020.01.007
Meuwissen, M. P. M., Feindt, P. H., Spiegel, A., Termeer, C. J. A. M., Mathijs, E., Mey, Y. de, Finger, R., Balmann, A., Wauters, E., Urquhart, J., Vigani, M., Zawalińska, K., Herrera, H., Nicholas-Davies, P., Hansson, H., Paas, W., Slijper, T., Coopmans, I., Vroege, W., … Reidsma, P. (2019). A framework to assess the resilience of farming systems. Agricultural Systems, 176, 102656. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.102656
Mickey, S. (2020). Spiritual ecology: On the way to ecological existentialism. Religions, 11(11), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel11110580
Minato, W., Curtis, A., & Allan, C. (2010). Social norms and natural resource management in a changing rural community. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 12(4), 381–403. https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2010.531084
Mohidem, N. A., & Hashim, Z. (2023). Integrating Environment with Health: An Islamic Perspective. Social Sciences, 12(6), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci12060321
Mulyoutami, E., Rismawan, R., & Joshi, L. (2009). Local knowledge and management of simpukng (forest gardens) among the Dayak people in East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Forest Ecology and Management, 257(10), 2054–2061. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.01.042
Njoku, E. T. (2020). Empirical Research. In D. A. Leeming (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion (pp. 782–783). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_200051
Nwadialor, K., & Odibor, S. T. (2024). Humanity and ecological footprints: christian eco-sprituality and environmental sustainability in Lokaja Metropolis. Ohazurume: Unizik Journal of Culture and Civilization, 3(1), 141–148.
Oktavia, P., Salim, W., & Perdanahardja, G. (2018). Reinventing papadak/hoholok as a traditional management system of marine resources in Rote Ndao, Indonesia. Ocean & Coastal Management, 161, 37–49. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2018.04.018
Omoyajowo, K., Danjin, M., Omoyajowo, K., Odipe, O., Mwadi, B., May, A., Amos Ogunyebi, & Rabie, M. (2023). Exploring the interplay of environmental conservation within spirituality and multicultural perspective: insights from a cross-sectional study. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 26(5), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-023-03319-5
Onebunne, J. I., & Okechukwu, S. O. (2021). African cultural beliefs and eco-spirituality. OCHENDO: An African Journal of Innovative Studies, 2(1), 124–133.
Perry, G. L. W., Richardson, S. J., Harré, N., Hodges, D., Lyver, P. O. B., Maseyk, F. J. F., Taylor, R., Todd, J. H., Tylianakis, J. M., Yletyinen, J., & Brower, A. (2021). Evaluating the Role of Social Norms in Fostering Pro-Environmental Behaviors. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9(June), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.620125
Ping, O. W. (2020). An Analysis of Ecological and Sustainability in Religious Perspective. Quantum Journal of Environmental Studies, 1(1), 44–52. https://qjoes.com/index.php/qjoes/article/view/5
Purwanto, Y. (2022). Sacred Forests, Sacred Natural Sites, Territorial Ownership, and Indigenous Community Conservation in Indonesia. In Sacred Forests of Asia (1st ed., pp. 261–276). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003143680
Putri, F. K., Noven, H. J., Nurcahyati, M., Irfan, A. N., Septiasari, A., Batoro, J., & Setyawan, A. D. (2022). Review: Local wisdom of the Tengger Tribe, East Java, Indonesia in environmental conservation. Asian Journal of Ethnobiology (Asian J Ethnobiol), 5(1), 20–34. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjethnobiol/y050103
Rahman, N. A., & Jalil, M. H. (2021). Awareness of the Role of “Religious People” in Environmental Conservation from the Perspective of Islamic Studies Students. Creative Education, 12(08), 1755–1772. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2021.128133
Santoso, R., & Wuryandani, W. (2020). Pengembangan Bahan Ajar PPKn Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Guna Meningkatkan Ketahanan Budaya Melalui Pemahaman Konsep Keberagaman. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 26(2), 229. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.56926
Saxena, L. P. (2020). Community self-organisation from a social-ecological perspective: ‘Burlang Yatra’ and revival of millets in Odisha (India). Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(5), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12051867
Sayem, M. A. (2021). Eco-Religious Teachings and Environmental Sustainability. Australian Journal of Islamic Studies, 6(3), 69–83. https://doi.org/10.55831/ajis.v6i3.357
Schnell, T. (2020). Spirituality. In V. Zeigler-Hill & T. K. Shackelford (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences (pp. 5162–5166). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24612-3_1916
Sharma, I. P., Kanta, C., Dwivedi, T., & Rani, R. (2020). Indigenous Agricultural Practices: A Supreme Key to Maintaining Biodiversity. In Microbiological advancements for higher altitude agro-ecosystems & sustainability (Issue March 2020, pp. 91–112). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1902-4_6
Simpson, Z. (2020). Evolution and Religion. In D. A. Leeming (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion (pp. 837–841). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_9061
Singh, R. P. B. (2012). Ecospirituality in Indian Tradition : Messages for Global Order. In Environment Ethics: Indian Perspectives (pp. 55–80). YS Books International.
Singleton, B. E., Gillette, M. B., Burman, A., & Green, C. (2023). Toward productive complicity: Applying ‘traditional ecological knowledge’ in environmental science. Anthropocene Review, 10(2), 393–414. https://doi.org/10.1177/20530196211057026
Spencer, A. M. (2022). The Rise of an Eco-Spiritual Imaginary : Ecology and Spirituality as Decolonial Protest in Contemporary Multi-Ethnic American Literature. LeTourneau University.
Sponsel, L. E. (2020). Spiritual Ecology. In D. A. Leeming (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion (pp. 2262–2267). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_9295
Stetler, E. (2020). Eschatology. In D. A. Leeming (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Psychology and Religion (pp. 804–807). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24348-7_211
Suganthi, L. (2019). Ecospirituality: A Scale to Measure an Individual’s Reverential Respect for the Environment. Ecopsychology, 11(2), 110–122. https://doi.org/10.1089/eco.2018.0065
Sururi, A., Kuswanjono, A., & Utomo, A. H. (2020). Ecological sufism concepts in the thought of Seyyed Hossein Nasr. Research, Society and Development, 9(10), e5769108611. https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8611
Tamalene, M. N., & Almudhar, M. H. I. (2017). Local knowledge of management system of forest ecosystem by Togutil Ethnic group on Halmahera Island, Indonesia: Traditional utilization and conservation. International Journal of Conservation Science, 8(3), 497–508.
Titisari, P. W., Elfis, Zen, I. S., Khairani, Janna, N., Suharni, N., & Sari, T. P. (2019). Local wisdom of Talang Mamak Tribe, Riau, Indonesia in supporting sustainable bioresource utilization. Biodiversitas, 20(1), 190–197. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d200122
Turner, N. J., Cuerrier, A., & Joseph, L. (2022). Well grounded: Indigenous Peoples’ knowledge, ethnobiology and sustainability. People and Nature, 4(3), 627–651. https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10321
Vázquez-Maguirre, M. (2020). Building sustainable rural communities through indigenous social enterprises: A humanistic approach. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(22), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229643
Verschuuren, B., Mallarach, J., Bernbaum, E., Spoon, J., Brown, S., Borde, R., Brown, J., Calamia, M., Mitchell, N., Infield, M., & Lee, E. (2021). Cultural and spiritual significance of nature governance and management. Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series No. 32, 32, 88.
Vieten, C., & Lukoff, D. (2021). Spiritual and Religious Competencies in Psychology. American Psychologist, 77(1), 26–38. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000821
Viñals, E., Maneja, R., Rufí-Salís, M., Martí, M., & Puy, N. (2023). Reviewing social-ecological resilience for agroforestry systems under climate change conditions. Science of The Total Environment, 869, 161763. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161763
Wang, T., Yang, Z., Han, F., Yu, J., Ma, X., & Han, J. (2024). Penilaian ketahanan sistem sosial-ekologis pariwisata di daerah kering: Studi kasus Xinjiang, Tiongkok. Ecological Indicators , 159 , 111748. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.111748
York, M. (2022). Agama dan Krisis Lingkungan. Dalam L. Hufnagel (Ed.), Ekoteologi - Keberlanjutan dan Agama-agama di Dunia (hlm. Bab 2). IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104002
Zanotti, L., Ma, Z., Johnson, JL, Johnson, DR, Yu, DJ, Burnham, M., & Carothers, C. (2020). Keberlanjutan, ketahanan, adaptasi, dan transformasi: Ketegangan dan pendekatan jamak. Ekologi dan Masyarakat , 25 (3). https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11642-250304
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jkn.100561
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 195
| 
views : 97
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Sudarto Sudarto, Yeni Wijayanti, Cipto Surya Pramesti, Deden Dendi Agustina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.