* Corresponding Author
Root Anatomy and Growth of Capsicum frutescens L. on Verticulture with Different Watering Supply
https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.22258 Fitria Rahayu Ratmadanti(1), M.M. Maryani(2*)
(1) Student Alumnie Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
The rapid increase in human population reduces land productivity in urban areas. Verticulture is a way of planting in a vertical arrangement, such as for Capsicum frutescens L. This study aimed to examine the root anatomy and growth responses of C. frutescens L. Fourteen days old seedlings were grown in polybags on the ground and into vertical pots made of paralon pipe. Watering was given for every day, once in 3 days, and once in 6 days were apllied for 35 days, at elevation of 0 cm, 25 cm, 50 cm and 75 cm. The lower watering supply decreased the root diameter due to the thinner of cortical, xylem and stele tissues. Decreased in plant height, leaf number, length-width of leaves, and fresh and dry weight of root-shoots were also observed in low watering plants, but there were increases in roots length and leaves chlorophyll content. The xylem was less developed in plants at higher position compared to the lower positon and this was more detected in plants with less watering. Decreasing plant growth occurs in conditions of water shortage and the higher plant layout on paralon, while root vascullar tissue was less developed in less watering and higher position plants.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Afifah, N., Widajati E. and Salma, S., 2009, Pengaruh penggunaan Methylobacterium spp, terhadap invigorasi benih cabai rawit pada beberapa tingkat viabilitas (The effect of Methylobacterium spp. aplication of invigoration on viability stages of pepper seeds (Capsicum frutescens L.), Available from: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/32364981.pdf
Aref, I.M., Ahmed A. I., Khan, P.R., El-Atta, H.A., and Iqbal M., 2013, Drought-induced adaptive changes in the seedling anatomy of Acacia ehrenbergiana and Acacia tortilis subsp. Raddiana, Trees 27, 959–971, DOI:10.1007/s00468-013-0848-2
Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS: Central Bureau of Statistics), 2012, Hasil Holtikultura Indonesia Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS: Central Bureau of Statistics), 2013, Data Statistik. ISSN/ISBN : 2338-6886
Banon, S., Fernandez, J.A., Franco, J.A., Torrecillas, A., Alarcon, J.J., and Sanchez-Blanco, M.J., 2004, Effects of water stress and night temperature preconditioning on water relations and morphological and anatomical changes of Lotus creticus plants, Scientia Horticulturae 101, 333-342. DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2003.11.007
Bosland, P.W., Votava, E.J., and Votava E.M., 2012, Peppers: Vegetable and spice Capsicums. 2nd Ed. Department of Agronomy and Agriculture. New Mexico State University. CABI Publishing, USA. ISBN : 9781845938253, DOI : 10.1079/9781845938253.0000
Boughalleb, F. and Hajlaoui, H., 2011, Physiological and anatomical changes induced by drought in two olive cultivars (cv Zalmati and Chemlali), Acta Physiologia Plantarum 33, 53–65, DOI:10.1007/s11738-010-0516-8
BPTP, 2006, Vertikultur (Virticulture). Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (Institute for Agricultural Technology), Jawa Tengah.
Claeys H, and Inzé, D.,2013, The agony of choice: How plants balance growth and survival under water-limiting conditions, Plant Physiology 162, 1768–1779, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.220921
Durante, M., Maseda, P.H. and Fernández, R.J., 2011, Xylem efficiency vs. safety: Acclimation to drought of seedling root anatomy for six Patagonian shrub species, Journal of Arid Environments 75, 397-402, DOI: 10.1139/x2012-095
Embiale, A., Hussein, M., Husen, A., Sahile, S. and Mohammed, K., 2016, Differential Sensitivity of Pisum sativum L. cultivars to water-deficit stress: Changes in growth, water status, chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange attributes. Journal of Agronomy 15(2), 45-57, DOI: 10.3923/ja.2016.45.57
Fita, A., Fiorucci, F., Plazas,M., Rodriguez-burruezo,A. and Prohens, J., 2015, Drought tolerance among accessions of eggplant and related species, Bulletin UASVM Horticulture 72(2), 461-462, DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:11600
Guijarro-Real, C., Molina, R. V., Pérez-Domingo, T., Ribes-Moya, A. M., Rodríguez-Burruezo, A., Fita, A. M., 2014, Xylem anatomical study in diverse Capsicum sp. accessions, implication to drought tolerance. Bulletin UASVM Horticulture 71(2), 256-260, DOI:10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:10676
Harborne, J. B., 1987, Metode Fitokimia: penuntun cara modern menganalisis tumbuhan (Phytochemical methods: guiding the modern way of analyzing plant), Translated by: K, Padmawinata & I. Soediro, 2nd Edition, Penerbit ITB Bandung
Hendriyani, I.S. and Setiari, N., 2009, Kandungan Klorofil dan Pertumbuhan Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis) pada Tingkat Penyediaan Air yang Berbeda. (The content of chlorophyll and Growth Long Bean (Vigna sinensis) at Different Levels of Water Supply), Jurnal Sains & Matematika 17(3), 145-150, ISSN 0854-0675
Holste, E.K., Jerke, M.J. and Matzner, S.L., 2006, Long term acclimatization of hydraulic properties, xylem conduit size, wall strength and cavitation resistance in Phaseolus vulgaris in response to different environmental effects, Plant, Cell and Environment, 29, 836-843, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01454.x, PMID:17087467
Jaleel, C.A., Manivannan, P., Wahid, A., Farooq, M., Somasundaram, R. and Panneerselvalm, R., 2009, Drought stress in plants: a review on morphological characteristics and pigments composition. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 11(1), 100–105, ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN, Online: 1814–9596 08–305/IGC-DYT/2009/11–1–100–105, http://www.fspublishers.org
Khaerana, M., Ghulamahdi, and Purwakusumah, E.D., 2008, Pengaruh cekaman kekeringan dan umur panen terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan xanthorrhizol temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) (Effect of drought stress and harvesting on the growth and content of turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) xanthorrhizol, Indonesian Journal of Agronomy 36 (3), 241-247, ISSN:2085-2916
Krishnamurthy, L., Zaman-Allah, M., Marimuthu. S., Wani, S. P. and Kesava Rao, A.V.R., 2012, Root growth in Jatropha and its implications for drought adaptation, Biomass and Bioenergy 39, 247–252, DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2012.01.015
Lawlor, D.W., 2013, Genetic engineering to improve plant performance under drought: Physiological evaluation of achievements, limitations and possibilities, Journal of Experimental Botany 64(1), 83–108. DOI:10.1093/jxb/ers326
Lens F, Sperry, J.S., Christman, M.M., Choate, B., Rabaey, D. and Jansen, S., 2011, Testing hypotheses that link wood anatomy to cavitation resistance and hydraulic conductivity in the genus Acer, New Phytology 190,709–723, DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03518.x, PMID:21054413
Lukman, L.. 2012, Teknologi Budidaya Tanaman Sayuran Secara Vertikultur ((Vegetable Cultivation Technology In Verticulture). Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran (Vegetable Crops Research), Bandung, Available from: http://www.litbang.pertanian.go.id/berita/one/918/file/verikultur.pdf
Makbul, S., Guler, N.S. , Durmus, N. and Guven, S., 2011, Changes in anatomical and physiological parameters of soybean under drought stress, Turkish Journal of Botany 35, 367-377, DOI: 10.3906/bot-1002-7
Morse, L.J., Day, T.A. and Faeth, S.H., 2002, Effect of Neotyphodium endophyte infection on growth and leaf gas exchange of Arizona fescue under contrasting water availability regimes, Environmental and Experimental Botany 48 (2), 257–268, DOI:10.1016/S0098-8472(02)00042-4
Neumann, P.M., 2008, Coping mechanisms for crop plants in drought prone environments, Annals of Botany 101, 901–907, DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcn018
Ruzin, S.E., 1999, Plant microtechnique and microscopy, Oxford University Press, New York.ISBN-10: 0195089561. ISBN-13: 9780195089561
Shao, H.B., Chu, L.Y., Jaleel, C.A. and Zhao, C.X., 2008, Water-deficit stress-induced anatomical changes in higher plants, C. R. Biologies 331, 215-225, DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2008.01.002.
Sinaga, R., 2007, Analisis model ketahanan rumput gajah dan rumput raja akibat cekaman kekeringan berdasarkan respons anatomi akar dan daun, Jurnal Biologi Sumatera 2(1), 17-20
Song Ai, N., and Banyo, Y., 2011, Konsentrasi klorofil daun sebagai indikator kekurangan air pada tanaman. Jurnal Ilmiah Sains 2(2),166-173, Available from: http://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/JIS/article/view/202
Syukur, M., Sujiprihati, S., Yunianti, R. and Kusumah, D.A., 2010, Evaluasi daya hasil cabai hibrida dan daya adaptasinya di empat lokasi dalam dua tahun, Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia 38 (1), 43 – 51, Available from :http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=5057&val=194
Wartapa, A., Suhartiningsih, S., Astuti, S. and Sukadi, 2010, Pengaruh jenis pupuk dan tanaman antagonis terhadap hasil cabe rawit (Capsicum frutescens) budidaya vertikultur, Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian 6(2), 142-156
Widiyono, W. and Hidayati, N., 2005, Periode kritis tanaman cabai merah besar (Capsicum anuumm L. var. long chilli) pada treatment cekaman air, Jurnal Biologi Indonesia 3(9), 389-396
Xu, Z., Zhou, G. and Shimizu, H., 2010, Plant response to drought and rewatering, Plant Signal Behaviour 5, 649–654, DOI:10.4161/psb.5.6.11398, PMCID:PMC3001553
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.22258
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 6867
| 
views : 5683
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2017 Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Editoral address:
Faculty of Biology, UGM
Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
ISSN: 2540-9581 (online)