* Corresponding Author
Growth and Development of Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) Treated with Paclobutrazol
https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.86238 Jihan Sekar Wijayanti(1), Kumala Dewi(2*)
(1) Undergraduate student of Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Yogyakarta 55281. Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jl. Teknika Selatan, Yogyakarta 55281. Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.) is one of the tropical legumes commonly grown for vegetable in Indonesia. Winged bean is a kind of plants that growth on vine so that for cultivation it requires stakes or awnings. It is known that paclobutrazol is a growth retardant that acts by inhibiting gibberellin biosynthesis and application of paclobutrazol could make plant become semidwarf or even dwarf. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol on growth, development, some phytochemicals content and yield of winged bean plants. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor, namely paclobutrazol, which was applied at four different concentrations, namely 0 ppm (control), 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm or 100 ppm. Three replicates were made for each treatment. The results showed that paclobutrazol significantly decreased plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of pods per plant, pod length, fresh weight of fruit, levels of vitamin C and protein in the pods, but increased the leaf chlorophyll content and stomata density on the abaxial (lower) leaf surfaces. Paclobutrazol showed its effect on accelerating flowering time at a concentration of 50 ppm.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ardigusa, Y., & Sukma, D., 2015. Pengaruh paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman sanseviera (Sanseviera trifasciata Laurentii). Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia, 6(1), pp.45-53. doi: 10.29244/jhi.6.1.45-53.
Chaney, W.R., 2005, ‘Growth Retardants: A Promising Tool for Managing Urban Trees’, in Perdue Extention FNR-252-W, viewed 17 April 2023, from https://www.extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/fnr/fnr-252-w.pdf.
Chaves, M.M., Flexas, J., & Pinheiro, C., 2009. Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. Annals of Botany, 103(4), pp.551-560. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcn125.
Desta, B., & Amare, G., 2021. Paclobutrazol as a plant growth regulator. Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 8(1), pp.1-15. doi: 10.1186/s40538-020-00199-z.
Du, F., Guan, C., & Jiao, Y., 2018. Molecular mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis. Molecular plant, 11(9), pp.1117-1134. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.06.006.
Fletcher, R.A. et al., 2000. Triazoles as plant growth regulators and stress protectants. Horticultural Reviews, 24, pp.55-138. doi: 10.1002/9780470650776.ch3.
Harborne, A.J., 1998. Phytochemical Methods A Guide To Modern Techniques Of Plant Analysis, London: Chapman & Hall.
Harpitaningrum, P., Sungkawa, I. & Wahyuni, S. 2014. Pengaruh konsentrasi paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) kultivar venus. Agrijati Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 25(1), pp.1-17.
Hopkins, W.G. & Hüner, N.P.A., 2009. Introduction to Plant Physiology, Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.
Hostettmann, K., 2014. Handbook of Chemical and Biological Plant Analytical Methods, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
Irwan, A.W. & Wicaksono, F.Y., 2017. Perbandingan pengukuran luas daun Kedelai dengan metode gravimetri, regresi dan scanner. Kultivasi, 16(3), pp.425-429. doi: 10.24198/kultivasi.v16i3.14448.
Jasmine, M.Q.F.C., Ginting, J. & Siagian, B., 2014. Respons pertumbuhan dan produksi semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schard.) terhadap konsentrasi paclobutrazol dan dosis pupuk NPK. Agroekoteknologi, 2(3), pp.967-974.
Jungklang, J., Saengnil, K., & Uthaibutra, J., 2017. Effects of water-deficit stress and paclobutrazol on growth, relative water content, electrolyte leakage, proline content and some antioxidant changes in Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep. cv. Chiang Mai Pink. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 24(7), pp.1505-1512. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.017.
Kadam, S.S., Salunkhe, D.K., & Luh, B.S., 1984. Winged bean in human nutrition. Critical Reviews in Food Science & Nutrition, 21(1), pp.1-40. doi: 10.1080/10408398409527395.
Kumar, S. et al., 2012. Paclobutrazol treatment as a potential strategy for higher seed and oil yield in field-grown Camelina sativa L. Crantz. BMC Research Notes, 5(1), 137. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-137.
Kusumowarno, S., 2015. Peluang Peningkatan Produksi Kedelai Lahan Kering Mendukung Kemandirian Pangan. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi 2014, pp.337 – 342
Latimer, G.W., 2016. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, Gaithersburg: Association of Official Analytical Chemist.
Lepcha, P. et al., 2017. A review on current status and future prospects of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) in tropical agriculture. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 72(3), pp.225-235. doi: 10.1007/s11130-017-0627-0.
Lestari, E.G., 2006. Hubungan antara kerapatan stomata dengan ketahanan kekeringan pada somaklon padi Gajahmungkur, Towuti, dan IR 64. Biodiversitas, 7(1), pp.44-48. doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d070112.
Meena, R.K. et al., 2014. Effect of paclobutrazol on growth and yield of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.). Vegetos, 27(1), pp.11-16. doi: 10.5958/j.2229-4473.27.1.003.
Mohanty, C.S., Singh, V. & Chapman, M.A., 2020. Winged bean: an underutilized tropical legume on the path of improvement, to help mitigate food and nutrition security. Scientia Horticulturae, 260, 108789. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108789.
Olszewski, N., Sun, T.P., & Gubler, F., 2002. Gibberellin signaling: biosynthesis, catabolism, and response pathways. The Plant Cell, 14(suppl 1), pp.S61-S80. doi: 10.1105/tpc.010476.
Paciolla, C. et al., 2019. Vitamin C in plants: from functions to biofortification. Antioxidants, 8(11), 519. doi: 10.3390/antiox8110519.
Rukmana, R., 1995. Bertani Kacang Panjang, Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Rukmana, R., 2000. Kecipir : Budidaya dan Pengolahan Pascapanen, Yogyakarta: Kanisius.
Sambeka, F., Runtunuwu, S.D., & Rogi, J.E., 2012. Efektifitas waktu pemberian dan konsentrasi paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) varietas Supejohn. Eugenia, 18(2), pp.126-133. doi: 10.35791/eug.18.2.2012.3566.
Soumya, P.R., Kumar, P. & Pal, M., 2017. Paclobutrazol: a novel plant growth regulator and multi-stress ameliorant. Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 22(3), pp.267-278. doi: 10.1007/s40502-017-0316-x.
Sudarmadji, S., Suhardi & Haryono, B., 1984. Prosedur Analisa Untuk Bahan Makanan dan Pertanian, Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Taiz, L. & Zeiger, E., 2010. Plant Physiology, Sunderland: Sinauer Assosiates.
Tekalign, T. & Hammes, P.S., 2005. Growth responses of potato (Solanum tuberosum) grown in a hot tropical lowland to applied paclobutrazol: 2. Tuber attributes. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 33(1), pp.43-51. doi: 10.1080/01140671.2005.9514329.
Tumewu, P. et al., 2012. Pemupukan urea dan paclobutrazol terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays Saccharata Sturt.). Eugenia, 18(1), pp.39-48. doi: 10.35791/eug.18.1.2012.4147.
U.S. Department of Agriculture., 2018a, ‘Soybeans, mature seeds, raw’, in FoodData Central, viewed 17 November 2023, from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/174270/nutrients.
U.S. Department of Agriculture., 2018b, ‘Yardlong bean, raw’, in FoodData Central, viewed 17 November 2023, from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/169222/nutrients.
Waqas, M. et al., 2017. Paclobutrazol improves salt tolerance in Quinoa: beyond the stomatal and biochemical interventions. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 203(4), pp.315-322. doi: 10.1111/jac.12217.
Wardani, E.C. et al., 2022. Keragaan Tanaman Tomat Apokarpel (Solanum lycopersicum L.) sebagai Tanaman Hias dalam Pot dengan Pengaplikasian Paklobutrazol. Vegetalika, 11(2), pp.163-173. doi: 10.22146/veg.66539.
Wardani, F.F., Damayanti, F. & Rahayu, S., 2020. Respon Pertumbuhan dan Pembungaan Bunga Lisptik ‘Soedjana Kasan’ terhadap Aplikasi GA3, Etefon, dan Paklobutrazol. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy), 48(1), pp.75-82. doi: 10.24831/jai.v48i1.29141.
Willmer, C. & Fricker, M., 1996. The Distribution of Stomata. In Stomata (Vol. 2). Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 14. doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0579-8_2.
Wu, W. et al., 2021. The diverse roles of cytokinins in regulating leaf development. Horticulture Research, 8, 118. doi: 10.1038/s41438-021-00558-3.
Yeshitela, T., Robbertse, P.J. & Stassen, P.J.C., 2004. Paclobutrazol suppressed vegetative growth and improved yield as well as fruit quality of ‘Tommy Atkins’ mango (Mangifera indica) in Ethiopia. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 32(3), pp.281-293. doi: 10.1080/01140671.2004.9514307.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.86238
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 996
| 
views : 585
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Editoral address:
Faculty of Biology, UGM
Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
ISSN: 2540-9581 (online)