Women Participation in Leadership Positions in Mtubatuba Local Municipality, South Africa
Nokuthula Ntuli(1), Nokukhanya N Jili(2*), Mzwandile R Xaba(3)
(1) University of Zululand
(2) University of Zululand
(3) University of Zululand
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Introduction/Main Objectives: The article aimed to explore the nature, level and extent of women participation in administrative and political leadership in the Mtubatuba Local Municipality (MLM). It adopted the socialist feminism theory as its framework. Research Methods: Qualitative research methods was used in which data were collected using semi-structured interviews from eight women working in the Mtubatuba Local Municipality's political and administrative structures selected using purposive sampling methods. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze data received from participants. Novelty: The researchers found that women's leadership in both the administrative and political realms of the MLM was a struggle that demanded endurance against various harsh forces mainly stemming from culture and patriarchy. Finding/Results: The article concluded that the excessive prevalence of gender inequality and male dominance in leadership was worsened by the fact that the few women in management and leadership were not seriously considered in decision-making. This was regardless of the existence of many national and local level policies and strategies aimed at elevating women into leadership with the agenda of attaining gender equality. Conclusion: Political organizations in the Municipality failed to mobilize support for the policies that promote of advancement of women.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Armstrong, E. (2020). "Marxist and Socialist Feminism" Study of Women and Gender: 35-52.
Basheka, B., (2019). The paradigms of public administration re-examined: a reflection. Public Administration and Management, 47(1): 1-44.
Baykal, E., Soyalp, E., & Yeşil, R. (2020). Queen bee syndrome: a modern dilemma of working women and its effects on turnover intentions. In Strategic Outlook for Innovative Work Behaviours: Springer, Cham: 165-178.
Bates, K., Parker, C. S. & Ogden, C., (2018). Power Dynamics: The Hidden Element to Effective Meetings. [Online] Available at: https://interactioninstitute.org/power-dynamics-the-hidden-element-to-effective-me [Retrieved 29 December 2021].
Carpendale, S., Knudsen, S., Thudt, A. & Hinrichs, U., (2017). Analyzing Qualitative Data. [Online] Available at: https://sorenknudsen.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/2017-ISS-Tutorial-Carpendale-Knudsen-Thudt-Hinrichs.-Analyzing-Qualitative-Data.pdf [ Retrieved 24 January 2020].
Carroll, S. & Fox, R. (eds) (2014). Gender and elections: Shaping the future of American politics (3rd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Chamisa, S. F. & Shava, E., (2018). Cadre deployment policy and its effects on performance management in South African local government : a critical review. [Online] Available at: https://journals.co.za/doi/pdf/10.25159/0256-8845/3849 [Retrieved 28 December 2021].
Commission for Gender Equality. (2020). Elections and Gender Mainstreaming: Assessing gender issues and women’s representation in South Africa’s 2019 Elections .
Dlanjwa, M.Z. (2018). Gender equality and the advancement of women into senior management positions: assessing the perceptions of the diversity and gender initiatives section of the City of Cape Town, Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University.
Doss, C. (2010). If Women Hold up Half the Sky, How Much of the World’s Food do they Produce? Background paper prepared for the State of Food and Agriculture 2010.
Eagly, A.H. & Carli, L.L. (2007). Through the labyrinth: The truth about how women become leaders. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Economic Freedom Fighters, (2021). Manifesto 2021, Johannesburg: Economic Freedom Fighters.
Electoral Commission of South Africa, (2021). Ward councillors statistics: List of current ward councillors. [Online] Available at: https://www.elections.org.za/pw/StatsData/List-Of-Current-Ward-Councillors [Retrieved 4 January 2022].
Elias E. (2018). Lessons learned from women in leadership positions. IOS Press Content Library.
Enyew, B. E., & Mihrete, A. G. (2018). Liberal feminism: Assessing its compatibility and applicability in Ethiopia context. International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 10(6): 59-64.
European Institute for Gender Equality, (2021). Gender dynamics. [Online] Available at: https://eige.europa.eu/thesaurus/terms/1164 [Retrieved 28 December 2021].
Ezeuduji, I & Dlomo, N. (2020). Residents and Domestic Leisure Travel: Mtubatuba Local Municipality in KwaZuluNatal. EuroEconomica.1(39).
Fennel, S. & Arnot, M. (2011). Gender education and equality in a global context: conceptual frameworks and policy perspectives. London: Routledge.
Fontana, M. (2015). Gender dimensions of rural and agricultural employment: differentiated pathways out of poverty. Paper presented at the FAO-IFAD-ILO Workshop on Gaps, trends and current research in gender dimensions of agricultural and rural employment: differentiated pathways out of poverty, Rome, 31 March - 2 April 2009FAO (Italy).
Gipson, A., Pfaff, D., & Catenacci, L. (2017). Women and Leadership: Selection, Development, Leadership style, and Performance, The Journal of Applied Behavioural Science, 53 (1): 32-65.
Gouws, A. (2008). Obstacles for women in leadership position: The case of South Africa. Journal Women in Active and Society 34 (1):21-27.
Gray, D. E., (2017). Doing Research in the Business World. London: Sage Publications.
Gumede, W., (2015). Administrative Culture of the South African Public Service: A Finity of Transformation. Journal of Public Administration, 50(3):589-599.
Guo, J., (2014). How do power dynamics affect development?. [Online] Available at: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2014/10/power-dynamics-development/ [Retrieved 28 December 2021].
Haataja, M.L., Leinonen, E., & Mustakallio, S. (2011). Gender mainstreaming in development programmes and projects: Guide for authorities and project actors. Finland: KoulutusAvain Ltd.
Haggblade, S., Hazell, P., & Reardon, T. (eds) 2018. Transforming the Rural Nonfarm Economy: Opportunities and Threats in the Developing World. Baltimore, The Johns Hopkins University Press.
Hartiningtyas, Agustina Budi and -, Dra. Sumayah, M. A (2021). Rising Awareness Of Woman’s Emancipation In Moana (2016) Movie By Using Feminism Theory. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Inkatha Freedom Party, (2021). IFP National Election Manifesto: National Chairperson of the IFP Women’s Brigade. [Online] Available at: https://www.ifp.org.za/newsroom/ifp-national-election-manifesto-national-chairperson-of-the-ifp-women-brigade [Retrieved 4 January 2022].
Kantor, P. (2008). Women’s Exclusion and Unfavorable Inclusion in Informal Employment in Lucknow, India: Barriers to Voice and Livelihood Security. World Development, 37(1): 194-207.
Kark, R. (2014). The Transformational Leader: Who is (s)he? A Feminist Perspective. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 17 (2): 160-176.
Krinzman, B. (2015). A Review of Workplace Leadership Styles: Men Vs. Women Business Management and Strategy 4(1): 23 -34.
Logel, C., Walton, G.M., Spencer, S.J., Iserman, E.C., von Hippel, W., & Bell, A.E. (2009). Interacting with sexist men triggers social identity threat among women engineers. Journal of personality and social psychology, 96(6): 1089.
Matoane, T. (2015). Women in local government leadership positions in Nkangala District Municipality, Unpublished master’s dissertation, University of Limpopo.
Mokoena, S. (2018). An Analysis of Gender Equalities on leadership on local government. The case of Mpumalanga Province South Africa. 3rd Annual International Conference on Public Administration and Development Alternatives.
Mtubatuba Local Municipality. (2021). Integrated Development Plan 2021-2022.
Municipalities of South Africa, (2021). Mtubatuba Local Municipality (KZN275). [Online] Available at: https://municipalities.co.za/management/1094/mtubatuba-local-Municipality[Accessed 4 January 2022].
Napikoski, L. (2021). Socialist Feminism Definition and Comparisons. How Is It Different Than Other Types of Feminism? https://www.thoughtco.com/socialist-feminism-women-history-definition-3528988 [Accessed 5 January, 2022]
Nidiffer, J. (2010). Overview: Women as Leaders in Academia. In O’Connor, K. (ed.).
Parliament of the Republic of South Africa, (2021). The Women’s Charter for Accelerated Development, Cape Town: Parliament of the Republic of South Africa.
Parliamentary Monitoring Group, (2015). Intervention in Mtubatuba Local Municipality:briefing by Mayor and Member of Executive Council. [Online] Available at: https://pmg.org.za/committee-meeting/19989/[Accessed 28 December 2022].
Ramosunya, D. (2020). Exploring the perceptions of women pursuing leadership positions in a local government. North West University Repository (Unpublished Thesis)
Republic of South Africa. (1996). The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa of 1996. Pretoria: Government Printer.
Ryan, M.K., Haslam, S.A., Hersby, M.D., & Bongiorno, R. (2011). Think crisis –think Women: The glass cliff and contextual variation in the think manager –think male stereotype. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96: 470-572.
Thobejane, N. (2015). Why South Africa needs a strong feminist movement. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/05/why-south-africa-needs-a-strong-feminist-movement [Retrieved 4 January, 2022]
UNESCO. (2012). World atlas of gender equality in education. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation. Retrieved October 19, 2012, from http://www.uis.unesco.org/Education/Documents/unesco-world-atlas-gender-education-2012.pdf [Retrieved 4 January 2022]
United Nation Human Right. (2017). Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women New York, 18 December 1979 https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cedaw.aspx
United Nation. (2010). Dialogue s at the Economic and Social Council, New York.
United Nations Economic and Social Council. (2012). Thematic issues before the Commission on the Status of Women. Report of the Secretary General. New York.
United Nations Women, (2018). Violence Against Women in Politics: Expert Group Meeting Report & Recommendations. New York: United Nations Women.
United Nations, (2018). Raising Voices to End Male-Dominated Power Dynamics Underpinning Violence, Bias, in Everyone’s Interest, Secretary-General Tells Women’s Commission. [Online] Available at: https://reliefweb.int/report/world/raising-voices-end-male-dominated-power-dynamics-underpinning-violence-bias-everyone-s [Retreived 28 December 2018].
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jlo.74881
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 1460 | views : 2228Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Leadership in Organizations
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Journal of Leadership in Organizations |
Journal of Leadership in Organizations (JLO), with registered number ISSN 2656-8829 (Print) and ISSN 2656-8810 (Online), is published by the Center for Leadership Studies, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The content of this website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License |
© 2019 Journal of Leadership in Organizations | |