Gerakan Teosofi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kaum Priyayi Nasionalis Jawa 1912-1926

Pradipto Niwandhono

doi:10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.23781

Gerakan Teosofi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kaum Priyayi Nasionalis Jawa 1912-1926

https://doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.23781

Pradipto Niwandhono^(1*)

(1)
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

This paper explores the history of the Theosophical Society in colonial Indonesia within the perspective of intellectual history and how it impact the thoughts of Javanese nationalist-aristocrat. The theosophical movement shared the same ideals with Dutch association policy. The main idea is to raise Eastern culture and society to become equals with Western civilisation. The theosophical movement had major contribution in the Javanese cultural revival movement. Many aspect of Theosophy’s teachings dealt with Indian esoteric cult, which had a strong impact to the vision of Javanese cultural nationalist: that the ideal Javanese society is no other than ancient Javanese civilisation under Hindu-Buddhist tradition.

Keywords

Theosophy, Orientalism, Javanese nationalism

Full Text:

PDF

References

Artawijaya, M (2010). Gerakan Theosof di Indonesia: Menelusuri Jejak Aliran Kebatinan Yahudi Sejak Masa Hindia Belanda Hingga Era Reformasi. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar.

Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna (1889). The Key to Theosophy, Theosophical University Press Online Edition

------------- (1888), The Secret Doctrine : The Synthesis of Science Religion and Philosophy Vol 1 : Cosmogenesis, London: The Theosophical Publishing Company.

Clarke, J.J. (1997). Oriental Enlightenment : The Encounter Between Asian and Western Thought. New York : Routledge

Cote, Joost & Westerbeek, Loes (ed). (2004). Recalling The Indies : Kebudayaan Kolonial dan Identitas Poskolonial, Yogyakarta: Syarikat

De Tollenaere, Herman A.O. (1996). The Politics of Divine Wisdom : Theosophy and Labour, National and Woman’s movements in Indonesia and South Asia 1875-1947, Leiden: Katolieke Universiteit Nijmegen

Dixon, Joy (2001). Divine Feminine: Theosophy and Feminism in England, Baltimore/ London: The John Hopkins University Press

Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (2008). The Western Esoteric Traditions : A Historical Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press

------------- (2005). The Occult Roots of Nazism: Secret Arian Cults and their inﬂuence on Nazi

ideology, London/ New York: Tauris Parke Paperbacks

Hanegraaff, Wouter J., et.al. (ed) (2006). Dictionary of Gnosis and Western Esotericism, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV.

Hanneman Samuel (2010). Genealogi Kekuasaan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia, Jakarta: Kepik Ungu.

Iskandar P. Nugraha (2001). Mengikis Batas Timur dan Barat : Gerakan Theosof dan Nasionalisme Indonesia, Jakarta : Komunitas Bambu.

Jinarajadasa, C. (1957). Mula – Dasar Theosof. Perhimpunan Theosof Tjabang Indonesia. Miert, Hans van (2003). Dengan Semangat Berkobar : Nasionalisme dan Gerakan Pemuda di Indonesia 1918-1930. Jakarta : KITLV/Hasta Mitra

Nagazumi, Akira (1989). Bangkitnya Nasionalisme Indonesia : Budi Utomo 1908-1918. Jakarta : Pustaka Sinar Harapan

Pradipto Niwandhono (2011). Yang Ter(di)lupakan : Kaum Indo dan Benih Nasionalisme Indonesia. Yogyakarta : Djaman Baroe

Said, Edward W. (2010). Orientalisme : Menggugat hegemoni Barat dan mendudukkan Timur sebagai subjek. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar

Savitri Prastiti Scherer (1985). Keselarasan dan Kejanggalan : Pemikiran-pemikiran Priyayi Nasionalis Jawa Awal Abad XX, Jakarta : Pustaka Sinar Harapan

Stevens, Th (2004). Tarekat Mason Bebas dan Masyarakat di Hindia Belanda dan Indonesia, 1764-1962, Jakarta : Pustaka Sinar Harapan

Stuckrad, Kocku van (2005). Western Esotericism: A Brief History of Secret Knowledge, London: Equonox Publishing

Taylor, Jean Gelman (2009). Kehidupan Sosial di Batavia, Jakarta : Masup Jakarta / Komunitas Bambu.

Sumber Internet

Artawijaya, “Harkitnas dan Boedi Oetomo dalam Bayang-Bayang Freemason dan Theosof”, dalam http://www.voa-islam.com//

Herman De Tollenaere, “Indian Thought In The Indies”, dalam http://www.iias.nl/iiasn/23/theme/23T2.html

Susiyanto & Fathurrahman Kamal, “Dari Theosof menuju Pluralisme Agama, dalam M. Amin Rais, M. Syukriyanto, dkk. “1 Abad Muhammadiyah: Istiqomah Membendung Kristenisasi dan Liberalisasi”, diterbitkan oleh Majlis Tabligh dan Dakwah Khusus Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah dalam rangka Muktamar 1 Abad Muhammadiyah 3-8 Juli 2010 di Yogyakarta (http//:www.muslimdaily.net)

Tedi Kholiludin, “Teosof sebagai quasi agama”, (http//:www.elsaonline.com)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.23781

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 7078 |

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View My Stats

Username
Password
Remember me