Kelayakan Usahatani Padi dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pendapatan Petani di Desa Margoluwih Kecamatan Seyegan

Abstract

Kelayakan usahatani secara finansial harus menjadi perhatian yang sangat penting dalam kebijakan pembangunan pertanian.  Hal ini terjadi karena kelayakan usahatani  menentukan besarnya nilai keuntungan finansial yang diterima petani. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan: pertama mengetahui kondisi sosial-demografi dan ekonomi petani padi; kedua menganalisis kondisi finansial usahatani padi yang mencakup biaya, penerimaan dan pendapatan  atau keuntungan usahatani padi;  dan ketiga menganalisis kelayakan  usahatani padi  dan pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan petani di Desa Margoluwih Kecamatan Seyegan. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 90 petani  yang diambil secara random sampling. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan data sekunder dikumpulkan dari instatsi pemerintah. Data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel  dan dianalisis secara deskriptif  kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menemukan adanya variasi kondisi sosial-ekonomi dan demografi petani, sedangkan hasil analisis finansial menemukan  adanya variasi  biaya usahatani menurut luas lahan dan variasi  penerimaan atau pendapatan  menurut perbedaan hasil  produksi dan  biaya. Sementara itu, berdasarkan analisis kelayakan usahatani padi dengan  R/C ratio maupun dengan B/C ratio menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan usahatani padi masih layak dan secara signifikan nilai kelayakan tersebut berpengaruh positif  terhadap pendapatan yang diterima petani. 

Financial feasibility of farming must be a very important concern in agricultural development policy.This happens because the feasibility of farming determines the value of financial benefits received by farmers. Based on this, this research was conducted with the aim to; firstly knowing the socio-demographic and economic conditions of rice farmers; the second analyzes the financial condition of rice farming  which includes the cost, revenue and income or profits from rice farming; and third, analyzing the feasibility of rice farming and its effect on farmers' income in  Margoluwih Village of Seyegan District. The total sample of 90 farmers taken by random sampling. Primary data was collected through structured interviews using a questionnaire,  while secondary data is collected from government agencies. Data is presented in tabular form and analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results of the study found variations in the socio-economic and demographic conditions of farmers, whereas the results of financial analysis found variations in farming costs according to land area and variations in revenue or income according to differences in production results and costs. Meanwhile, based on the feasibility analysis of rice farming with R/C ratio and with the B/C ratio shows that rice farming activities are still feasible and significantly the feasibility value has a positive effect on the income received by farmers.