Differences in levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

Muhammad Fauzi Adityawan Pritama; Ahmad Syaify; Suryono Suryono

doi:10.22146/majkedgiind.83286

Differences in levels of bone morphogenetic protein-2 in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.83286

Muhammad Fauzi Adityawan Pritama⁽¹⁾, Ahmad Syaify^(2*), Suryono Suryono⁽³⁾

(1) Master of Clinical Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(2) Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(3) Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Periodontitis is characterized by gingival bleeding, periodontal pocket formation, damage to the connective tissue attachment, and alveolar bone resorption. One of the risk factors that can increase the occurrence of periodontitis is diabetes mellitus (DM). In Indonesia, the incidence and prevalence of periodontitis are higher in patients with type 2 DM. In the present study, BMP-2 expression in periodontitis patients with and without type 2 DM was evaluated. We performed a descriptive analytical cross-sectional study in 40 respondents with stages II-III grades B-C chronic periodontitis. They were divided into a chronic periodontitis group with type 2 DM and a chronic periodontitis group without DM. Crevicular fluid of the gingival sulcus of the central maxillary anterior teeth from each respondent was taken using paper points for 5 minutes and placed in an Eppendorf tube. Each tube was labelled according to its group. All of the samples were examined by BMP-2 ELISA kit and measured by BioRad microplate reader with a wavelength of 450 nm. Data were analysed using SPSS 16.0 program. The independent sample t-test was used to compare the BMP-2 among two groups. The results of the study revealed the BMP-2 level in periodontitis patients with type 2 DM was 63.1 pg/ml, while in periodontitis patients without DM was 66.8 pg/ml. BMP-2 levels in periodontitis patients with type 2 DM were significantly lower than those in periodontitis patients without DM (p < 0.05).

Keywords

bone morphogenetic protein-2; diabetes mellitus; gingival crevicular fluid; periodontitis

Full Text:

PDF

References

1. Suratri MAL, Jovina TA, Andayasari L, Edwin VA, Ayu GAK. Pengaruh Hipertensi Terhadap
Kejadian Penyakit Jaringan Periodontal (Periodontitis) pada Masyarakat Indonesia (Data Riskesdas 2018). Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan. 2020; 8(4): 227-234.
doi: 10.22435/bpk.v48i4.3516

2. Andriani I, Chairunisa FA. Periodontitis kronis dan penatalaksaan kasus dengan kuretase.
Incisiva Dent J. 2019; 8(1): 25-30.

3. Kasuma N. Sulcular fluids. Andalas University Press: Padang; 2019. 2-26.

4. Pratiwi AI. Periodontitis as early detection of diabetes mellitus: a literature review. Inti
Sains Med. 2020; 11(1): 108-111. doi: 10.15562/ism.v11i1.623

5. Madianos PN, Koromantzos PA. An Update of the evidence on the potential impact of periodontal therapy on diabetes outcomes. J Clin Periodontol. 2018; 45(2): 188-195.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.12836

6. Sari R, Herawati D, Nurcahyanti R, Wardani PK. Prevalensi periodontitis pada pasien
diabetes mellitus (Studi observasional di poliklinik penyakit dalam RSUP Dr. Sardjito).
Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia. 2017; 8(2): 98-104. doi: 10.22146/majkedgiind.11241.

7. Decroli E, Kam A, Efendi YP, Decroli DP, Rahmadi A. Diabetes mellitus tipe 2. FK
Unand: Padang. 2019. 1-8.

8. Rizkiyah M, Oktiani BW, Wardani IK. Prevalensi dan Analisis Faktor Resiko
Kejadian Gingivitis dan Periodontitis pada Pasien Diabetes mellitus (Literatur Review).
Dentin. 2021; 1(1): 33-36. doi: 10.20527/dentin.v5i1.3231

9. Laporan Nasional Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS). Kementerian Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia: Jakarta; 2018. 160-161.

10. Aliyah AN, Listyawati, Utami ND. Profil Penyakit Periodontal Pada Penderita
Diabetes Melitus Berdasarkan Tipe Diabetes Melitus, Jenis Kelamin, dan Usia di RSUD
dr. Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Pada Tahun 2016-2020. J Sains Kes. 2022; 4(1): 168-175.

11. Katagiri T, Watabe T. Bone morphogenetic protein. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2016;
8(6): 1-27. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a021899

12. Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA. Clinical Periodontology 13th Edition. ELSEVIER: Philadelphia; 2019. 166-167.

13. Chen Y, Ma B, Wang X, Zha X, Sheng C, Yang P, Qu S. Potential functions of the BMP family in bone, obesity, and glucose metabolism. J Diabetes Res. 2021; 3(1): 1-10. doi: 10.1155/2021/6707464

14. Al-Qarakhli AMA. Altered Bone Cell Biology Associated with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus
– Consequences for Periodontal Disease. Cardiff University: United Kingdom; 2021. 5-7.

15. Wu Y, Xiao E, Graves DT. Diabetes mellitus related bone metabolism and periodontal
disease. Int J Oral Sci. 2015; 7(2): 63–72. doi: 10.1038/ijos.2015.2

16. Widyawati H, Sudibyo S, Failasufa H. Compliance relation of antidiabetic drug consumption with periodontal network health in type II diabetes mellitus prolanis patients: case study at Puskesmas Mranggen III. Magna Medika. 2018; 2(4): 1-10. doi: 10.26714/magnamed.2.4.2018.1-8

17. Bascil S, Iyidir OT, Bayraktar N, Ertorer ME, Tutuncu NB. Severe chronic periodontitis
is not common in acromegaly: potential protective role of gingival BMP-2. Turk J Med
Sci. 2021; 51(3): 1172-1178. doi: 10.3906/sag-2006-93

18. Sularsih S, Wahjuningsih E. Expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 after using
chitosan gel with different molecular weight on wound healing process of dental extraction.
Dent J. 2015; 48(2): 53-58.

19. Wang X, Deng J, Xiong C, Chen H, Zhou Q, Xia Y, Shao X, Zou H. Treatment with a PPAR-γ
agonist protects against hyperuricemic nephropathy in a rat model. Drug Des Devel
Ther. 2020; 8(14): 2221-2233. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S247091

20. Ali A, Harapan IK, Fione VR. Gambaran penyakit periodontal berdasarkan umur dan
jenis kelamin pada pengunjung poliklinik gigi Puskesmas Tikala Baru Kota Manado tahun
2017. JIGIM (Jurnal Ilmiah Gigi dan Mulut). 2020; 3(1): 20-26.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.83286