Konstruksi Kegilaan dalam Novel Lady Audley's Secret Karya Mary Elizabeth Braddon

https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v8i1.56544

Zietha Arlamanda Asri(1*)

(1) Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Permasalahan mengenai kegilaan sering menjadi tema para penulis sastra. Tema ini juga banyak hadir di karya sastra pada era Victoria. Para penulis besar menghadirkan narasi mengenai para perempuan yang berstrategi untuk menghindari budaya patriarki, namun tidak ingin dijebloskan ke dalam suaka. Hal ini juga terjadi pada karakter utama dalam novel Lady Audley’s Secret (1862) karya Mary Elizabeth Braddon. Lucy Graham tumbuh dalam kemiskinan, ia sangat peduli dengan peningkatan status sosial dan keuangannya. Fakta bahwa ibunya dilembagakan karena kegilaan juga telah menghantui Lucy sepanjang waktu. Dia menikahi orang-orang kaya seperti George Talboys dan Robert Audley, namun berakhir dengan budaya patriarki yang sangat keras yang membawanya pada kegilaan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana tokoh Lucy dikonstruksi menjadi “orang gila” dalam pandangan masyarakat Victoria. Untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian, penulis menggunakan analisis tekstual sebagai metode penelitiannya. Teori yang digunakan untuk membantu analisis yakni perspektif yang diusulkan oleh Foucault mengenai konstruksi kegilaanyang terjadi pada subjek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan yang manipulatif serta culas yang dilakukan oleh Lucy dinilai sebagai suatu kegilaan dan tidak sesuai dengan norma serta nilai pada era tersebut. Pada akhirnya ia pun dimasukkan ke dalam rumah sakit jiwa dan meninggal di dalamnya.

Kata Kunci: Kegilaan, Foucault, Lady Audley’s Secret, Mary Elizabeth Braddon

 

The issue of madness is often the main focus of the writers. The theme of madness is also present in many literary works in the Victorian era. Major writers present narratives about women who have a strategy to avoid patriotic culture, but do not want to be thrown into asylum. Those also happened to the main character in the novel Lady Audley’s Secret (1862) by Mary Elizabeth Braddon. Lucy Graham grew up in poverty; she was very concerned with improving her social and financial status. The fact that his mother was institutionalized by insanity had haunted Lucy all the time. She married wealthy people such George Talboys and Robert Audley, but ended up with a very strict patriarchal culture which brought her to madness. Thus, this study aims to find out how Lucy's character is constructed to become a "crazy person" in the view of Victorian society. To answer the research problem, this study uses textual analysis as its research method. The theory used to help the analysis is the perspective proposed by Foucault regarding the construction of madness that occurs on the subject. The results show that manipulative and nasty actions committed by Lucy were considered as insanity and not in accordance with the norms and values of the era. In the end she was put into asylum and died in it.

Keywords: Madness, Foucault, Lady Audley’s Secret, Mary Elizabeth Braddon


Keywords


Madness, Foucault, Lady Audley’s Secret, Mary Elizabeth Braddon

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/poetika.v8i1.56544

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