Determinants of Migration Flows in Highly Skilled Migrants Interprovince in Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.22146/jp.84371

I Wayan Krisnandita(1*)

(1) Central Bureau of Statistics of Gianyar Regency, Bali, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Migration and regional inequality are two interrelated concepts. Inequality between regions can lead to migration. High-skilled migration, or migration of high-quality human resources, has great potential to reduce interregional disparities by helping development in the destination area. However, in reality, the flow of high-skilled migration tends to lead to more advanced provinces, especially the capital and its surroundings. This condition causes disparities between regions to increase. This study analyzes the phenomenon of internal high-skilled migration between provinces in Indonesia at a macro level using a modified gravity model approach and is estimated using the zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) model. The results of this study show that the number of high-skilled populations in the provinces of origin and destination, geographical distance, average wages for workers, and the percentage of agricultural workers in the destination province, as well as the stock of migrants, influence the flow of high skilled migration between provinces in Indonesia. Increasing workers’ wages, access to transportation and information/social networks, as well as industrialization outside Java, need to be carried out to attract high-skilled migrants or keep high-skilled workers to remain in their provinces to realize equity between regions.


Keywords


high-skilled migration; gravity model; zero-inflated negative binomial model

Full Text:

PDF


References

Adams, Dale W. 1969. Rural Migration and Agricultural Development in Colombia. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 17(4), 527-539. doi: 10.1086/450381.

Ahmad, N., Akram, A., & Hussain, H. 2013. Determinants of Internal Migration in Pakistan. The Journal of Commerce, Vol. 5(3), 32-42.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2015a. Keadaan Angkatan Kerja di Indonesia Agustus 2015. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2015b. Keadaan Pekerja di Indonesia Agustus 2015. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2016. Statistik Kriminalitas 2016. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Badan Pusat Statistik. 2017. Statistik Mobilitas Penduduk dan Tenaga Kerja. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Bayraktar, Y. & Özyılmaz, A. 2017. The Role of Internal Migration on Regional Inequality: Turkey Example. Turkish Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 9-30.

Buena, Daniela. 2012. Modern Gravity Models of Internal Migration, The Case of Romania, Theoretical and Applied Economics, Vol. 19(4), 127-144.

Choi, Y. S., Kim, C., & Lee, S. H. 2015. Do More Educated Workers Migrate More? Findings from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study. International Journal of Built Environment and Sustainability, 2(4), 260-268.

Capuano, S. & Marfouk, A. 2013. African Brain Drain and Its Impact on Source Countries: What Do We Know and What Do We Need to Know? Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research and Practice, Vol. 15(4), 297-314.

Chotib. 2015. Bunga Rampai Analisis Determinan Hasil SP2010. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.

Greenwood, M. J. 1975. Research on Internal Migration in The United States: A survey. Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 13(2), 397–433.

Jong, P. D. & Heller, G. Z. 2008. Generalized Linear Models for Insurance Data. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Kelo, M. & Wächter, B. 2004. Brain Drain and Brain Gain - Migration in European Union After Enlargement. Paper dipresentasikan dalam European Conference Braingain - The Instruments, Hauge. 29-30 September.

King, R. 2011. Geography and Migration Studies: Retrospect and Prospect. Population, Space and Place, 18(2), 134-153.

Krasulja, N., Blagojevic, M. V., & Radojevic. 2016. Brain Drain – The Positive and Negative Aspects of The Phenomenon. ЕКОНОМИКА, Vol. 62(3), 131-142.

Lee, E. S. 1966. A Theory of Migration. Demography, Vol. 3(1), 47-57.

Liu, Y. & Shen, J. 2012. Spatial Patterns and Determinats of Skilled Internali Migration in China, 2000-2005. Papers in Regional Science, Vol. 93(4), 749-771.

Lottum, J. van. & Marks, D. 2012. The Determinants of Internal Migration in A Developing Country: Quantitative Evidence for Indonesia, 1930–2000. Applied Economics, Vol. 44(34), 4485- 4494.

Mayda, A. M. 2007. International Migration: A Panel Data Analysis of The Determinants of Bilateral Flows. Centre for Research and Analysis of Migration, No. 07(07), 1-23.

Minami, Ryoshin. 1967. Population Migration Away from Agriculture in Japan. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 15(2), 183-201.

Ravenstein, E. G. 1885. The Laws of Migration. Journal of the Statistical Society of London, Vol. 8(2), 167-235.

Ritsila, Jari. & Ovaskainen, Marko. 2001. Migration and Regional Centralization of Human Capital. Applied Economics, 33(3), 317-325.

Shen, Jianfa. 2011. Changing Patterns and Determinants of Interprovincial Migration in China 1985-2000. Population, Space and Place, Vol. 18, 384-402.

Sofian, Adam. 2009. Regresi Binomial Negatif dengan Pendekatan Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) dalam Arus Migrasi Risen Penduduk Antar Provinsi di Indonesia. [Tesis]. Surabaya: Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember.

Stillwell, John. 2005. Inter-regional Migration Modelling: A Review and Assessment. Paper dipresentasikan dalam 45th Congress of the European Regional Science Association, Universiteit Amsterdam Belanda. 23-27 Agustus.

Tjiptoherijanto, P. 2000. Mobilitas Penduduk dan Pembangunan Ekonomi. Simposium Dua Hari Kantor Mentrans dan Kependudukan/BAKMP di Jakarta Naskah No. 20, 1-10.

Wajdi, N., Adioetomo, S. M., & Mulder, C. H. 2017. Gravity Models of Interregional Migration in Indonesia. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 1-40.

World Bank. 2017. Tertiary Education. Retrieved from http://www.worldbank. org/en/topic/tertiaryeducation.

Yaacob,W.F.W.,Lazim,M.A.,&Wah,Y.B. 2010. A Practical Approach in Modelling Count Data. Paper dipresentasikan dalam Proceeding of The Regional Conference on Statistical Science 2010.

Zipf, G. K. 1946. The P1 P2/D Hypothesis: On the Intercity Movement of Persons. American Sociological Review, Vol. 11, 677–686.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jp.84371

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1725 | views : 1273

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Populasi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


Copyright of Jurnal Populasi ISSN 0853-6202 (PRINT), ISSN: 2476-941X (ONLINE).


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 

Populasi Indexed by:

  ROAD  

web
analytics View My Stats