Ethanol-Based Biodiesel from Waste Vegetable Oil

  • Mary Grace M. Oliveros Department of Chemical • Civil • Industrial Engineering, Xavier University, Philliphines
  • Amiliza B. Baiting Department of Chemical • Civil • Industrial Engineering, Xavier University, Philliphines
  • ,Menchie G. Lumain Department of Chemical • Civil • Industrial Engineering, Xavier University, Philliphines
  • Maria Theresa I. Cabaraban Department of Chemical • Civil • Industrial Engineering, Xavier University, Philliphines
Keywords: biodiesel, waste vegetable oil

Abstract

Waste vegetable oil, mainly coming from frying residues, can be used as raw material to obtain a diesel fuel (biodiesel). Biodiesel, a nontoxic, biodegradable, diesel-like fuel, is an important energy alternative capable of decreasing environmental problems caused by the consumption of fossil fuels. The utilization of waste vegetable oils as raw material in biodiesel production was studied. Research was undertaken to establish the availability of used vegetable oil to supply a biodiesel process. It is intended that this work forms an academic study combined with an environmental and technological analysis of the merits of biodiesel as a sustainable fuel. Laboratory experimentation investigated the possibility of using waste vegetable oil from the local fast food chains, and potassium hydroxide as catalyst for the transesterification process. The cleaned waste vegetable oil undergoes transesterification for 4 hours, after which, the biodiesel is separated from the glycerin by gravity. Washing is necessary to remove residual catalyst or soap. Overall material balance for the process gives: 1 kg Waste Vegetable oil + 0.18 kg EtOH + 0.01 kg KOH → 0.74 kg Biodiesel + 0.44 kg Glycerin The biodiesel, in pure form (B100) and in 50% proportion (B50) with petroleum diesel, was run in an essentially unmodified Toyota 2C diesel engine. Smoke density (opacity) and CO exhaust emission both decreased with B50. However, Nox increased with B50. Fuel consumption during engine power testing is significantly greater using the biodiesel, but is also significantly reduced with B50.

References

1. Baiting, A.B., et al. (2004). “Ethanol Based Biodiesel from Waste Vegetable Oil.” Undergraduate Baby Thesis, Xavier University.
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3. “Biodiesel Made from Ethanol (Ethyl Esters).” Online Posting. 2000. The Green Trust . 26 January 2004 http://ww2.green-trust. org:8383/2000/biofuel/biodiesel_ethanol. htm
4. “Finding, Qualifying and Managing Sources of Waste Vegetable Oil as Feedstock for Biodiesel Production.” Online Posting. September 9, 2003. Biodiesel Solutions. 26 January 2004 http://www.fuelmeister. com/documents/AN1_Sourcing_Waste_ Vegetable_Oil.pdf.
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Published
2007-12-31
How to Cite
Oliveros, M. G. M., Baiting, A. B., Lumain, ,Menchie G., & Cabaraban, M. T. I. (2007). Ethanol-Based Biodiesel from Waste Vegetable Oil. ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering, 7(1), 83-87. Retrieved from https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/AJChE/article/view/7678
Issue
Vol 7 No 1 (2007)
Section
Articles

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