Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

Household food waste and food security: a review of behavioral, socioeconomic, and educational determinants

Nabilah Rihadatul Aisy — 2025-12-31

Purpose: This systematic review examines the relationship between household food waste and food security, exploring key behavioral, socio- economic, and educational determinants that shape this interconnection in domestic settings.

Methods: The review adhered to PRISMA guidelines and applied Covidence software to screen items obtained from Scopus, Pub- Med, and Web of Science, from 2015 to 2025. Search terms used included "household", "food waste", "food security", and "waste management". Inclusion criteria were based on the PICOS framework, targeting studies that investigated household food waste and food security outcomes using qualitative or quantitative designs.

Results: Out of 263 identified articles, 12 met the eligibility criteria. The findings revealed that higher food waste is generally associated with food-secure and high-income households due to excessive purchasing and poor planning. However, food-insecure house- holds also contributed significantly to food waste due to inadequate storage practices and limited food literacy. Behavioral and educational factors, including purchasing habits and levels of awareness, were significant indicators of food waste. Several studies emphasized the role of food and nutrition literacy, proper storage, and community engagement in minimizing food loss and improving food availability. Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under registration number CRD420251271753.

Conclusion: Household food waste negatively impacts all four dimensions of food secu- rity. Effective strategies should integrate educational interventions, decen- tralized storage technologies, and community-based initiatives to enhance food system resilience. Reducing food waste is necessary to foster ecological health, economic success, and reliable household food security.

Factors affecting physical activity in premarital women of childbearing age in Semarang City

Hema Dewi Anggraheny — 2025-12-31

Purpose: Physical activity is one of the pillars of implementing balanced nutrition, which is the foundation of healthy living, especially for women of childbearing age (WCA). This study analyzes the factors influencing physical activity in premarital WCA.

Methods: This research employs a quantitative, cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 160 premarital women of childbearing age from 10 Semarang Health Centers across nine districts, and the study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025. The tests conducted were the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests.

Results: The prevalence of physical activity among premarital WCA included physical activity not adhering to the guidelines at 129 (80.6%) and those following the procedures at 31 (19.4%). The relationship between knowledge (p = 0.493), attitude (p = 0.980), education (p = 0.236), regular exercise patterns (p = 0.002), availability of facilities (p = 0.017), availability of transportation (p = 0.447), family support (p = 0.922), and friend support (p = 0.937) to physical activity was analyzed.

Conclusion: Most WCA do not meet the physical activity standards according to the guidelines. The presence of a consistent exercise pattern and access to sports facilities are factors that influence meeting the physical activity standards in premarital women. Public health efforts should focus on facilitating regular exercise routines and improving access to safe, appropriate sports facilities for women.

Relationship between workplace conflict, job certainty, job opportunities, and job stress

Anggit Wirama Siwidati — 2025-12-31

Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of individual capacity and task demands on Job stress levels.

Methods: This study uses an observational, cross-sectional design. All 33 workers who became the population were included as research samples. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations and analyzed using the gamma coefficient to measure the strength and direction of relationships among individual capacity, task demands, and job stress.

Results: Most workers reported mild to moderate stress levels. Workplace conflict demonstrated a strong, positive relationship with job stress (γ = 0.622), indicating that higher workplace conflict is associated with greater job stress. Job certainty showed a moderate, negative relationship with job stress (γ = -0.543), indicating that lower job certainty is associated with higher job stress. Job opportunities had a powerful and negative relationship with job stress (γ = -0.907), indicating that limited employment opportunities significantly increase stress levels.

Conclusion: Mental workload and job opportunities have the most substantial relationship with job stress, followed by education, tenure, physical workload, and work conflict. Therefore, interventions to address this issue by strengthening job security policies are needed to minimize stress and improve overall employee well-being.

Strategies to increase community participation in controlling dengue mosquito breeding sites: a scoping review

Rizka Nur Isnaeni — 2025-12-31

Purpose: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a growing global public health problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, and is influenced by social, environmental, and behavioral factors. Community participation plays a crucial role in the success and sustainability of dengue prevention. However, limited governance, weak cross-sectoral coordination, the dominance of top-down approaches, and a lack of resource support often hinder optimal community involvement. This study aims to identify literature on strategies to increase community participa- tion in dengue prevention practices.

Methods: This scoping review used the methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley. A scoping review was conducted by searching the Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases using keywords related to community participation, prevention, and dengue fever. Original English-language research articles published between 2015 and 2025 and relevant to community-based dengue prevention were selected using the PRISMA process.

Results: Eight articles met the inclusion criteria. The review results indicate that strong multi- sectoral governance, a bottom-up, participatory approach, and the use of social capital and local leadership are key to effective dengue prevention. Health education through schools, youth engagement, incentives, and innovative, contextualized interventions contribute to increasing the sus- tainability of prevention practices.

Conclusion: Dengue fever prevention requires an integrated approach that positions the community as the pri- mary partner, supported by cross-sectoral collaboration, strengthening social capital, and sustainable resource support so that the impact of pre- vention can be sustained in the long term.

Evaluation of cervical cancer screening program implementation in Boyolali District in 2024

Amira Nada Fatikha — 2025-12-31

Purpose: The Boyolali district has never reached the cervical cancer screening coverage target for women of childbearing age, aged 30-50 years. In 2023, cervical cancer screening coverage reached 1.7% of the target of 63%. So this study aims to evaluate the implementation of the cervical cancer screening program in Boyolali District in 2024.

Methods: This study used a descriptive, observational, quantitative design, with analysis using a logic model that included the program implementation components of inputs, activities, and outputs. Sampling was purposive, with 28 respondents selected for their roles in the cervical cancer screening program. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire instrument. All data obtained were then processed and analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel.

Results: The evaluation of the cervical cancer screening program in Boyolali District shows that the input components, particularly regulations and human resources, remain inadequate. In terms of activities, passive and active services, socialization, advocacy, and monitoring and evaluation are still limited. As for cervical cancer screening in Boyolali District in 2024, coverage was only 2.44% of the target, with 6.53% of tests returning positive results.

Conclusion: The implementation of the cervical cancer screening program in Boyolali District in 2024 was not optimal. Improvement efforts are needed in regulations, resources, and the intensity of activities to increase screening coverage.