BKM Public Health and Community Medicine

Obesity, dietary diversity, and hypertension among posyandu attended child-bearing age women in Bandung

Widya Astuti — 2025-01-30

Purpose: This study explores the relationship between nutritional status and dietary diversity and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in women of reproductive age in Baleendah, Bandung Regency.

Methods: The cross-sectional design, with primary data, was conducted from August to September 2023 in Baleendah Village, Bandung Regency, Indonesia. The study subjects were 50 women aged 15-49 years who registered at the Posyandu, had children aged 0-23 months, and had a history of hypertension, with the exclusion criteria being pregnant women. Nutritional status was measured using body weight with a digital scale and height with a SAGA multifunction tool. Food consumption data was collected through 24-hour dietary recall, and eating was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood pressure was measured using a blood pressure monitor. The Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) instrument measures dietary diversity diversity. The relationship between hypertension status and nutrient intake was analyzed using Spearman correlation tests applied due to non-normally distributed data.

Results: There is a significant correlation between nutritional status and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in women of reproductive age (p-value=0.045). However, there is no significant correlation between dietary diversity and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in women of reproductive age (p-value=0.853).

Conclusion: This study found a significant correlation between nutritional status, particularly obesity, and the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in women of reproductive age, while dietary diversity showed no significant correlation. Economic and educational factors also played a role, with lower-income and less-educated respondents being more prone to hypertension. High consumption of fried snacks and high-sodium foods like salted fish and caffeine were associated with an increased risk of hypertension.

Trends in patient visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case in a public health center

Pipiet Okti Kusumastiwi — 2025-01-30

Purpose: This study examines changes in patient visits before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a public health center.

Methods: Employing longitudinal descriptive research, data were extracted from the clinic's register book using purposive sampling at the Dental Polyclinic Tepus II at the Public Health Center in Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The study focused on patients receiving scaling, tooth extraction, and filling treatments, comparing data from ten months before and during the pandemic.

Results: The analysis reveals a noticeable reduction in patient numbers during the pandemic, particularly for scaling treatments. Despite the decline, the clinic continued to offer dental services, with consistent visits for tooth extractions. Gender distribution and JKN payment methods remained unchanged. The most significant drop in patient visits occurred in the second month of the pandemic, with a gradual recovery to pre-pandemic levels by the 9th and 10th months.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic decreased patient visits, with the most affected service being scaling. Despite these challenges, the clinic upheld its commitment to providing essential dental care, adapting to the new normal, and recovering patient volumes to pre-pandemic figures.

Analysis of diarrhea cases based on weather elements in Yogyakarta City 2017-2021

Inas Tri Ramadhanti — 2025-01-30

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between weather elements (such as rainfall, temperature, humidity, and sunshine duration) with cases of diarrhea, as well as to map the areas vulnerable to diarrhea in Yogyakarta City using data from 2017 to 2021.

Methods: This study used an ecological study design with Graphical/Time Trend Analysis, correlations, non-linear analysis using the Generalized Additive Model (GAM), and spatial analysis.

Results: Statistically, temperature lag of 0 - 3 months has a negative correlation (p-value < 0.05; rlag1= -0.672), and humidity lag of 0 - 3 months has a positive correlation (p-value < 0.05; rlag1= 0.414) with diarrhea. Severe cases of diarrhea, even during the COVID-19 pandemic, are still being brought to health services, suggesting a serious underlying cause, such as rotavirus infection. Further multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant weather element related to diarrhea was temperature lag for 3 months, with an R-squared value of 0.516. Diarrhea is distributed across sub-districts in Yogyakarta City, but there are six sub-districts with high vulnerability to diarrhea: Danurejan, Pakualaman, Jetis, Kotagede, Gedongtengen, and Gondomanan.

Conclusions: The most dominant weather element related to diarrhea in Yogyakarta city is the temperature from the previous three months (lag 3). Danurejan, Pakualaman, Jetis, Kotagede, Gedongtengen, and Gondomanan sub-districts have high vulnerability to diarrhea.

Correlation of urban and rural settlements with Shigella sp. resistance pattern isolated from Bedadung River in Jember, Indonesia

Dimas Widyadhana Bhanu Aryasatya — 2025-01-30

Purpose: This study aims to determine a correlation between settlement location and resistance patterns of Shigella sp. isolated from the Bedadung River in Jember, Indonesia.

Method: The research method used was analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test and, if not qualified, the Fisher exact test. Samples were obtained through a total sampling technique with a total sample size of 24.

Results: Most samples were resistant to the antibiotic, and there was no relationship between residential location and resistance patterns of Shigella sp. isolated from Bedadung River, Jember Regency (p-value > 0.05).

Conclusions: In conclusion, no significant relationship exists between the residential area and the resistance pattern of Shigella sp. isolated from Bedadung River, Jember Regency. Shigella sp. bacterial contamination is mainly found in Bedadung River water isolates in rural and urban areas. Shigella sp. bacteria found in rural and urban areas in the Bedadung River in Jember Regency have the same number.