@article{Jumina_Kurniawan_Sari_Purba_Radean_Priatmoko_Pranowo_Purwono_Julianus_Zulkarnain_Sholikhah_2022, title={Synthesis and High Antioxidant Activity of C-Alkyl Calix[4]resorcinarene and C-Alkyl Calix[4]pyrogallolarene Derivatives }, volume={33}, url={https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/IJP/article/view/2199}, DOI={10.22146/ijp.2199}, abstractNote={<p>In the present work, we reported a successful synthesis and high antioxidant activity of C-alkylcalix[4]resorcinarene and C-alkylcalix[4]pyrogallolarene derivatives. The C-alkylcalix[4]resorcinarenes were prepared from a cyclization reaction of resorcinol and either pentanaldehyde or octanaldehyde in acidic condition. Meanwhile, the C-alkylcalix[4]pyrogallolarenes were prepared from a cyclization reaction of pyrogallol with pentanaldehyde or octanaldehyde. Four synthesized products, i.e. nBu-CR, nHep-CR, nBu-CP, and nHep-CP, were successfully prepared in 92.4-96.4% yield. The chemical structure of these products was elucidated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H-NMR) analysis. The antioxidant activity assay of these compounds was evaluated through an <em>in vitro</em> assay employing 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. From the DPPH assay, it was found that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) values of nBu-CR, nHep-CR, nBu-CP, and nHep-CP compounds were 25.1, 22.9, 11.5, and 21.9 µg mL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively. The IC<sub>50</sub> value of the synthesized compounds was 2.0-4.3 times lower than the IC<sub>50</sub> value of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as the positive standard (49.9 µg mL<sup>-1</sup>), which is remarkable. This finding demonstrates that either C-alkylcalix[4]resorcinarenes or C-alkylcalix[4]pyrogallolarenes are better antioxidant agents than BHT. The nHep-CR compound was found as the best antioxidant agent from the other compounds due to weaker intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonding as well as longer alkyl chain.</p&gt;}, number={3}, journal={Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy}, author={Jumina, Jumina and Kurniawan, Yehezkiel Steven and Sari, Ratna and Purba, Sri Nessy Handayani Br and Radean, Hesti and Priatmoko, Priatmoko and Pranowo, Deni and Purwono, Bambang and Julianus, Jeffry and Zulkarnain, Abdul Karim and Sholikhah, Eti Nurwening}, year={2022}, month={Sep.}, pages={422-433} }