https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/issue/feed Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences 2025-06-05T15:42:51+07:00 Mustofa jmedscie@ugm.ac.id Open Journal Systems <p>Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences (InaJBCS) is the new name of the Journal of the Medical Sciences which is published online at<a href="https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik/user" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bik</a>. The first issue of InaJBCS began with Volume 56 Number 1 of 2024 and continues the publication of the Journal of Medical Sciences Volume 55 Number 4 of 2023.</p> <p>Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences (InaJBCS) is an international, open-access, and double-blind peer-reviewed journal, multidisciplinary journal dedicated to the publication of original research articles, reviews articles, case reports, and book reviews in all area of medical sciences from basic to clinical sciences.</p> <p>ISSN: <a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/3032-3134" target="_blank" rel="noopener">3032-3134 (Online)</a></p> https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/18065 The activity antibiofilm of betadine leaf (Jatropha multifida Linn) juice on urinary catheters 2025-04-16T11:47:01+07:00 Rada Tania radatania@ukrida.ac.id Wani Devita Gunardi wani.gunardi@ukrida.ac.id Susana Elya Sudradjat susana.sudrajat@ukrida.ac.id <p>Biofilm formation can reduce the efficacy of antibiotics against pathogenic microorganisms. Flavonoids are proven to have antibiofilm activity. Betadine leaf (<em>Jatrophas multifida</em> Linn) contains abundant flavonoids. This study aimed to evaluate the biofilm activity of the betadine leaf juice on urinary catheters. Biofilm forming <em>Escherichia coli</em> was isolated from a urinary catheter.<em> The betadine</em> leaf juice was prepared by harvesting, washing, drying, juicing, centrifuging, and sterilizing the juice. Phytochemical analysis was performed to identify the presence of steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols. Biofilm and antibiofilm assays were conducted by incubating thioglycolate medium with varying concentrations of the betadine leaf juice and <em>E. coli</em> suspension, with bacterial growth and biofilm formation assessed based on turbidity observations. Alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds have been found in the sterilized betadine leaf juice. Bacterial growth was observed in all tubes containing different dilutions of the betadine leaf juice. However, turbidity levels increased as the juice concentration decreased. Additionally, the weight of the urinary catheter was significantly greater in tubes with lower juice concentrations (p=0.02). In conclusion, the <em>J. multifida</em> Linn leaf juice has potential antibiofilm activity against <em>E. coli</em> in urinary catheters.</p> 2025-03-19T14:35:49+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Rada Tania, Wani Devita Gunardi, Susana Elya Sudradjat https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/20200 The relationship between the degree of low back pain and concentration levels among RICCI Catholic High School Jakarta students during the COVID-19 pandemic 2025-06-04T09:59:33+07:00 Putu Radhya Kirana Karmanita radhyakirana01@gmail.com Heidy heidy@atmajaya.ac.id Nelson Sudiyono heidy@atmajaya.ac.id Mariani Santosa heidy@atmajaya.ac.id <p>The COVID-19 pandemic has shifted most learning activities to an online format, leading to increased sitting time and a higher risk of low back pain (LBP). Low back pain can be a factor that causes changes in concentration during learning. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the degree of LBP and the level of learning concentration in high school students. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at RICCI Catholic High School Jakarta, involving &nbsp;students from grades 10, 11, and 12. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was distributed online with Google forms. The Chi-square method for data analysis was used with a significance level of 0.05. A total of 121 students participated in this study,&nbsp; with &nbsp;66.9% did not experience LBP, 30.6% had LBP with a slight degree of pain, and 2.5% had LBP . There were no students with severe LBP. The results for low, moderate and high concentration levels were 8.3%, 70.2%, and 21.5%, respectively. The bivariate analysis between LBP and learning concentration level using was 0.062 (p&gt;0.05). In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between the degree of LBP and the level of concentration in high school students.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> 2025-03-19T00:00:00+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Putu Radhya Kirana Karmanita, Heidy, Nelson Sudiyono, Mariani Santosa https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/20291 The role of bisphosphonate and bone morphogenetic proteins in congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia management: a literature review 2025-06-04T10:00:58+07:00 Panji Sananta panjisananta@ub.ac.id Adithya Stephana Mahendra aditz_blink182@yahoo.co.id Eka Noviya Fuzianingsih ekanoviya402@gmail.com <p>Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare medical condition characterized by a congenital absence of union in the tibia, which causes the leg to flex anterolaterally. Despite the use of several surgical techniques for the treatment of CPT, there is still a significant risk of failure with surgical interventions. Recent studies have shown that bisphosphonates (BP) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) can be effective adjuncts to surgical procedures, increasing the success rate of bone union and reducing the chance of re-fracture. This review aimed to evaluate the role of BP and BMP in CPT. In this review, a comprehensive literature evaluation was conducted using the PRISMA method. The databases used to search for information included PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for the past 10 years. Six articles were included in this review. The results showed that using pharmacological agents such as BMP and BP is considered safe for pediatric patients as an adjunctive treatment to surgery. This combination can effectively increase the speed of bone union and prevent re-fractures. The small sample size, different protocols, and different doses may have impacted the study results, which should be thoroughly explained.</p> 2025-03-20T09:41:32+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Panji Sananta, Adithya Stephana Mahendra, Eka Noviya Fuzianingsih https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/12534 Effectiveness of disinfectants against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) contamination in hospital: a review 2025-06-04T10:01:42+07:00 Arviansyah arvianbedahplas@ub.ac.id Herman Yosef Limpat Wihastyoko wihastyoko@ub.ac.id Yudi Siswanto yudi.siswanto@ub.ac.id Wilma Agustina wilmaagustina@ub.ac.id Elisabeth Prajanti Sintaningrum sintaningrum@ub.ac.id Eka Nugraha Prima arvianbedahplas@ub.ac.id Michelle Gunawan arvianbedahplas@ub.ac.id Dewangga Yudisthira arvianbedahplas@ub.ac.id <p class="Abstract" style="margin: 0in -.25pt 0in 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif;">Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) contamination is still widely reported in various hospital areas. Despite routine cleaning and preventive measures in places such as hospitals, the prevalence of MRSA is still increasing worldwide, especially in Asia. This review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfectants against MRSA contamination in hospitals. Articles were searched from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases using specific keywords and boolean operators. Journal selection from these databases was based on inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, and PICOS framework. Studies that did not fit the topic or study design and had paid access and duplication were excluded. A total of five valid and reliable articles found that some disinfectants, such as JUC Polymer, a combination of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and silver cations (Ag), have effectiveness in eradicating germs or inhibiting the growth of MRSA germs. The application of disinfectants in MRSA also showed benefits in terms of cost. However, the use of disinfectants needs to be considered because they can cause tolerance and resistance. In conclusion, MRSA disinfectants are still proven effective with various methods and precautions. In addition, disinfectants are beneficial in terms of prevention and health financing.</span></p> 2025-06-03T13:06:30+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Arviansyah, Herman Yosef Limpat Wihastyoko, Yudi Siswanto, Wilma Agustina, Elisabeth Prajanti Sintaningrum, Eka Nugraha Prima, Michelle Gunawan, Dewangga Yudisthira https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/19291 Association between undernutrition and language delay in children under 5 years old: a systematic review 2025-06-04T10:02:31+07:00 Lulus Hardiyanti lulus.hardianti@ugm.ac.id Anindya Khairunnisa Zahra fara.azmiarrizqi@gmail.com Fara Azmiarrizqi fara.azmiarrizqi@gmail.com Amelia Nur Khasanah fara.azmiarrizqi@gmail.com Sheila Agustina fara.azmiarrizqi@gmail.com Ardiyuga Pratitapraya fara.azmiarrizqi@gmail.com Puguh Oktavian lulus.hardianti@ugm.ac.id <p>In 2022, global statistics of the WHO (World Health Organization) reported 148.1 million children under 5 y.o. were too short for their age (stunting), 45.0 million were too thin for their height (wasting), and 37.0 million were too heavy for their height (overweight). Solving the problem of undernutrition is included in the second goal of the Sustainable Development Goals. Language skills are one of the important aspects of development in children. This study aimed to assess the association between undernutrition and language delay in children under 5 y.o. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for relevant studies published in 2014-2024. We identified studies that analyzed children under 5 y.o. with undernutrition and screenings for language delay, full-text, Indonesia, and English language studies, used cross-sectional study, case-control study, cohort study, and RCT study designs. The risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-E tool. There were 4,865 articles of search results in 3 databases consisting of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 16 articles, including 11 cross-sectional studies and 5 cohorts, were analyzed. An association was observed between undernutrition and language delay. Other factors that significantly influenced language delay were paternal education, maternal education, and stimulation. Most studies report that the more severe the conditions of wasting, stunting and underweight will cause more severe conditions of language delay.</p> 2025-06-03T15:48:04+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Lulus Hardiyanti, Anindya Khairunnisa Zahra, Fara Azmiarrizqi, Amelia Nur Khasanah, Sheila Agustina, Ardiyuga Pratitapraya, Puguh Oktavian https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/14640 The efficacy of combination of oral antioxidants and topical retinoic acid versus topical retinoic acid monotherapy in mild acne vulgaris patients 2025-06-04T14:42:41+07:00 Ferra Olivia Mawu fomawu@unsrat.ac.id Marlyn Grace Kapantow gracekapantow@yahoo.com Paulus Mario Christopher paulusmarioc@gmail.com <p>Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous follicle with multifactorial pathogenesis and pleiomorphic clinical manifestations constituting comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. Oxidative stress has been reported to contribute in AV pathogenesis. This phenomenon rationalizes antioxidant supplementation as an adjuvant therapy for AV management. Four cases of 22 to 23 yo women with complaints of worsening facial acne for 1 to 6 mo. Initially, acne lesions appeared as skin-colored papules, which increased in number, became reddish papules and pustules, and extended to the jaw and chin. Lesions were accompanied by temporary itching and pain. Dermatological examination revealed multiple circumscribed discrete erythematous papules, miliar to lenticular in size, comedones (+), and pustules (+), with total lesions &lt;30. According to the Lehmann criteria, patients were diagnosed as mild AV. All patients were treated with 0.025% topical retinoic acid cream, while the other two patients received additional oral antioxidant supplementations (zinc and ɑ-lipoic acid) and were followed up every two weeks. Two cases who received additional oral antioxidant supplementations (Group A) exhibited an earlier and higher clinical improvement, characterized by a reduction in the number of lesions on each follow up, till the current report. Oxidative stress in AV pathogenesis causes microenvironment alteration that favours colonization of <em>Cutibacterium acnes</em>. Together with the increase in sebum production, it stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF α), contributing to the inflammatory response. Antioxidant supplementation plays a role in suppressing the process of lipid peroxidation and inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Comprehensive management of AV is based on pathogenesis and the role of oxidative stress. An earlier and higher clinical improvement reduction was noted in Group A, patients who received a combination of 0.025% topical retinoic acid cream and oral antioxidant supplementation.</p> 2025-06-04T14:38:57+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Ferra Olivia Mawu, Marlyn Grace Kapantow, Paulus Mario Christopher https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/InaJBCS/article/view/16550 The role of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) in improving plasma lipid profiles: a literature review 2025-06-05T15:42:51+07:00 Marzha Marcella marzha.marcella@gmail.com Desak Made Wihandani marzha.marcella@gmail.com I Gusti Ayu Artini marzha.marcella@gmail.com <p>Several major risk factors contribute to cardiovascular diseases. One of these is dyslipidemia, an imbalance of plasma lipids such as total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). While medications to lower lipids are widely used to improve lipid profiles, they have some limitations. Flaxseed is rich in ɑ-linolenic acid, phytosterols, and lignans, which can improve lipid profiles. This study aimed to review the potential effects of flaxseed on lipid metabolism. Data was gathered from research databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer for the past 5 yr. About 1,527 scientific articles were found, but after eliminating duplicates and screening of title and abstract, only 45 full-text articles were assessed, with 16 selected. The result showed that ɑ-linolenic acid, phytosterols, lignans, and fibers in flaxseed improve TC, LDL, TG, and HDL through various mechanisms. In conclusion, flaxseed shows promise as a natural therapy for dyslipidemia, improving TC, LDL, VLDL, and TG levels, though HDL effects vary. Disparities are linked to demographics, form, dosage, and duration, highlighting the need for standardized research.</p> 2025-06-05T15:38:33+07:00 Copyright (c) 2025 Marzha Marcella, Desak Made Wihandani, I Gusti Ayu Artini