The effect of Centella asiatica L. Urban. and Curcuma longa L. extracts combination in improving memory performance in stroke model rats and its acute toxicity
Abstract
Post-stroke cognitive impairment involves memory, visuoconstructional, and
spatial dysfunctions. Centella asiatica L. Urban. and Curcuma longa L. are both
well-known herbs in South and South-East Asia countries that are believed to
possess neuroprotective properties as memory enhancers. This study aimed to
investigate the effects of C. asiatica L. Urban. and C. longa L. extracts combination
in improving memory performance in stroke model rats and its acute toxicity.
Twenty-five Wistar rats underwent transient bilateral common carotid artery
occlusion. Y-maze pre-test was performed 24 h after the occlusion. The rats were
then divided into five groups i.e. Group 1 received NaCMC dilution, Group 2
received donepezil 0. 7 mg/kg BW/day, and Groups 3, 4, and 5 received the extracts
combination with dose of 59; 118; and 236 mg/kg BW/day, respectively. Y-maze
post-test was performed 24 h after the last dose had been given. Spontaneous
alternation behavior was used as the indicator of working memory measurement.
The fixed-dose method according to OECD Guideline was used to estimate the
LD50 in acute toxicity testing on Wistar rats. There was a significant difference
in the delta spontaneous alternation percentage among groups tested (p<0. 05).
Group 1 had significant difference with any other group (compared to Groups
2 to 5; p<0.05). No significant difference could be found between groups of the
extracts combination and donepezil group suggesting that the effect is not more
inferior nor dose-dependent in improving memory performance. The extracts
combination at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg BW did not show related signs of
toxicity or mortality in any of the rats during the 14-day observation period. In
conclusion, the C. asiatica L. Urban. and C. longa L. extracts combination can
improve performance of memory on stroke model animal. According to Globally
Harmonized Classification System, the extracts combination can be classified as
Category 5/unclassified.
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