Middle Eastern Culture & Religion Issues

Tantangan Persatuan Arab dalam Puisi Abū Tammām Wa ‘Urūbatu Al-Yauma Karya ‘Abdullāh Al-Baraddūni: Analisis Semiotik

Faqih Asysyauqi — 2025-12-10

Arab adalah bangsa yang dikenal kuat karena persatuannya. Akan tetapi, semakin modern negara-negara Arab seakan-akan berdiri masing-masing. Persatuan yang dahulu menjadi kekuatan bangsa Arab sekarang menjadi tantangan yang harus ditumbuhkan kembali. Tantangan-tantangan tersebut disajikan oleh ‘Abdullah al-Baraddūni oleh penyair fenomenal Yaman, dalam puisinya Abū Tammām wa ‘Urūbatu Al-Yauma, sebuah puisi dalam Antologi Li ‘Ainai Ummi Bilqīs yang diterbitkan pada 1971. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tantangan terwujudnya persatuan Arab dalam puisi Abū Tammām wa ‘Urūbatu Al-Yauma. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menggunakan teori semiotik, ilmu tentang sistem tanda. Adapun metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisis puisi ini adalah empat metode yang dikemukakan oleh Riffaterre, yaitu ketidaklangsungan ekspresi, pembacaan semiotik yang terdiri dari pembacaan heuristik dan pembacaan hermeneutik, matriks, varian, dan model, dan hipogram. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa puisi Abu Tammam wa ‘Urubatu al-Yauma ini menggambarkan empat tantangan yang harus dihadapi bangsa Arab untuk mewujudkan persatuan mereka kembali, yaitu menurunnya rasa nasionalisme, kesewenang-wenangan para pemimpin, gempuran pihak Barat, dan perubahan sosial.

Kuasa Atas Perempuan dalam Novel Yaumiyyātu Rūza Karya Rīm Al-Kamāli: Analisis Relasi Kuasa Michel Foucault

Hanifah Nur Fadhilah — 2025-12-11

Women within cultural contexts, including Arab culture, become real subjects who experience power. This power is exercised not only repressively, but also productively, moving subtly within human relations that are not only found in the empirical world but also in the literary world. Arising from this issue, this study examines the power over women in Arab culture through the novel Yaumiyyātu Rūza by Rīm al-Kamālī as a reflection of the traditional society's social life in the United Arab Emirates in the 1960.This research aims to reveal the forms of power over women's bodies and minds as well as the resistance that arises from this power by using Michel Foucault's theory of power relations. The main data source of this research is the novel Yaumiyyātu Rūza by Rīm al-Kamālī, and the method used is a descriptive qualitative method. The results show that power operates over the body and mind through three main mechanisms: discipline of body and behavior, which commands women to physical and social norms, control of discourse and knowledge, which limits women's access to education and social relations, and normalization of identity, which makes women internalize dominant roles and discourses voluntarily. The resistance that emerges is in the form of subtle resistance carried out by female characters through writing, emotional outbursts, and other symbolic actions. The resistance reflects that women are not merely objects of power, but also agents who are able to reshape their subjectivity in the midst of power networks.

Subjek Radikal dalam Novel Perempuan di Titik Nol Karya Nawal El-Sa’dawi: Kajian Subjektivitas Slavoj Zizek

Selly Marita — 2025-12-11

Feminisme, patriarki, kekuasaan dan relasi kuasa merupakan bagian dari dunia simbolik menurut konsep dan teori subjektivitas Slavoj Zizek. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori tersebut untuk mendeskripsikan subjektivitas Firdaus, tokoh utama dalam novel Perempuan di Titik Nol karya Nawal el-Sa'dawi. Dalam teori ini, Zizek mendefinisikan subjek melalui tindakan-tindakannya di dunia simbolik atau dunia ideologis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan tindakan radikal subjek dari hasil analisis perilakunya sesuai dengan teori subjektivitas Zizek. Dalam teori ini, Zizek memperkenalkan konsep dunia simbolik, sinisme, momen kekosongan, dan tindakan radikal. Melalui konsep-konsep tersebut, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tokoh utama dalam novel ini merupakan subjek yang radikal. Meskipun terus menerus terjerumus dari satu simbolik ke simbolik yang lain, pada akhirnya subjek dapat melepaskan simbol-simbol dan jerat ideologis dari dalam dirinya. Tindakan radikal yang dilakukan subjek membuat subjek merasa penuh atau menjadi subjek yang autentik, yaitu subjek yang tidak menginginkan apa pun dan tidak takut pada apa pun, bahkan kematian.

Cyprus-Egypt Geopolitical Cooperation in Energy and Regional Security in the Eastern Mediterranean

Yusuf Idrus Malik — 2025-12-12

This article examines the geopolitical dynamics of Cyprus-Egypt relations in the context of energy and security cooperation in the Eastern Mediterranean. The central issue addressed is how this bilateral partnership has evolved and what strategic interests underpin it. This research is guided by the question: how do Cyprus and Egypt construct and pursue their geopolitical interests through energy and security collaboration, and what are the broader implications for a regional constellation in the Eastern Mediterranean? Using a qualitative approach informed by Geopolitics Theory, Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT), and Balance of Threat Theory, the study reveals that the Cyprus-Egypt cooperation is beyond natural resource exploration. Instead, represents a regional alliance aimed at counterbalancing Turkish influence. The author argues that this partnership signals a transformation in Middle Eastern geopolitical boundaries of the Middle East. The article concludes that Cyprus-Egypt relations exemplify a new geopolitical synergy that contributes to the emerging architecture of regional energy and security while prompting a redefinition of the Middle East’s cultural and political scope.

Indonesian Ulama’s Peace Advocacy in the Palestine-Israel Conflict Following the October 7, 2023 Attack

Syarif Bahaudin Mudore — 2025-12-12

This article examines the role of Indonesian ulama in advocating peace in the aftermath of the 7 October 2023 escalation of the Palestine-Israel conflict. Employing a qualitative approach with a library research design, the study analyzes academic literature, official statements of Islamic organizations, and public communications of ulama related to the conflict. Data analysis was conducted through initial coding, thematic analysis, and theory-driven interpretation guided by Johan Galtung’s peace-violence triangle, John Paul Lederach’s peacebuilding pyramid, and Brewer et al.’s concept of bridging social capital. The findings reveal that Indonesian ulama function as multi-level peace actors intervening in the dimensions of direct, structural, and cultural violence. Their roles are structured across leadership levels: top leadership through MUI’s political diplomacy; middle-range leadership through NU’s transnational engagement and Muhammadiyah’s humanitarian diplomacy; and grassroots leadership through solidarity mobilization by religious communities. Furthermore, ulama effectively mobilize bridging social capital within institutional, political, public, and intellectual spheres to enhance humanitarian advocacy and global peace diplomacy. Conceptually, this study contributes an integrated model of ulama engagement in networked peacebuilding across local-global scales. Practically, it recommends strengthening government and Islamic organization collaboration in religious diplomacy and peace literacy to foster a more just and humane international order.