PENYEMPURNAAN PRINSIP KEADILAN DALAM PENYELESAIAN TAGIHAN PAJAK PADA PROSES KEPAILITAN
Abstract
Abstract
Indonesian regulation upholds justice as a principle, including when conducting tax regulation and bankruptcy law. A conflict of justice principles arises when a taxpayer is declared bankrupt, the receiver’s authority in carrying out a general confiscation can only apply to the assets of the debtor. Article 104 (4) of the Limited Liability Company Law confirms that the board of directors (BOD) can not be personally liable for the company’s bankruptcy, specifically if it does not occur as a result of their negligence. However, Article 32 (2) of the Law on General Provisions and Tax Procedures states the tax authorities still have the authority to do collections on the BOD as long as there are still tax arrears of the debtor. It comes near injustice for the other preferred creditor. Additionally, it puts the Receiver in a deadlock because the debtor’s tax identity (NPWP) can not be deactivated because it still has tax arrears. This study aims to provide another point of view for strengthening the justice principle for the settlement of tax bills in the bankruptcy process. The result of the study states that the Indonesian bankruptcy and tax law need to be updated to align with the justice principle.
Abstrak
Regulasi di Indonesia menjunjung keadilan sebagai prinsip, termasuk dalam hukum perpajakan maupun kepailitan. Benturan prinsip keadilan terjadi saat wajib pajak dinyatakan pailit, kewenangan Kurator dalam melakukan sita umum hanya terbatas harta debitur, secara khusus ketentuan dalam Pasal 104 ayat (4) Undang-undang Perseroan Terbatas juga menegaskan bahwa direksi selaku pengurus tidak dapat dimintakan pertanggungjawaban sepanjang kepailitan terjadi bukan karena kelalaiannya. Di sisi lain, berdasarkan Pasal 32 ayat (2) Undang-undang Ketentuan Umum dan Tata Cara Perpajakan menyatakan bahwa fiskus pajak masih dapat melakukan penagihan kepada pengurus sepanjang masih terdapat tagihan pajak atas debitur Pailit. Regulasi tanpa batasan tersebut menimbulkan kesan ketidakadilan dari penagihan pajak selaku kreditur preferen yang dapat mengejar penagihan sampai dengan pengurus dari debitur yang telah dinyatakan pailit, hal mana tidak dimiliki oleh kreditur preferen lainnya. Selain itu, kebuntuan juga dihadapi Kurator karena tidak dapat mengajukan permohonan penghapusan NPWP karena masih adanya utang pajak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pandangan guna penyempurnaan prinsip keadilan dalam penyelesaian tagihan pajak pada proses kepailitan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa perlu adanya penyempurnaan regulasi guna mencapai sinkronisasi prinsip keadilan yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan perpajakan dan kepailitan di Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2023 Asvini Puspa, Firman Darajat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.