Evaluasi Faktor Pendukung dan Penghambat Implementasi SPMI pada Perguruan Tinggi Swasta di Yogyakarta

Analysis of Supporting and Inhibiting Factors in the Implementation of Internal Quality Assurance (SPMI) at a Private University in Yogyakarta

Abstract

ABSTRACK

The Higher Education Quality Assurance System consists of the Internal Quality Assurance System (SPMI) and the External Quality Assurance System (SPME) or accreditation. Several study programs at a private university in Yogyakarta have received less-than-optimal accreditation results, while accreditation performance greatly depends on the effectiveness of SPMI implementation. This study aims to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the SPMI cycle (PPEPP) in study programs that have not yet achieved an excellent accreditation status. The study is limited to the implementation of SPMI referring to the national education standards for academic education. Data were collected through open-ended questionnaires and in-depth interviews, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman approach. The findings indicate that although study programs have implemented SPMI, its implementation remains inconsistent, with several weaknesses identified in the PPEPP process. This study identifies various supporting and inhibiting factors in SPMI implementation, both internal and external in nature. The results are expected to provide input for higher education institutions and study programs in strengthening the implementation of the PPEPP cycle within SPMI, thereby improving study program quality and supporting the accreditation process to achieve more optimal outcomes.

Keywords: SPMI, accreditation, supporting factors, inhibiting factors, higher education quality

ABSTRAK

Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Tinggi terdiri atas Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Internal (SPMI) dan Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Eksternal (SPME) atau akreditasi. Beberapa program studi di salah satu perguruan tinggi swasta di Yogyakarta mendapat hasil akreditasi yang kurang optimal, sedangkan keberhasilan akreditasi sangat bergantung dengan efektivitas inplementasi SPMI. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat dalam pelaksanaan siklus SPMI (PPEPP) pada Program Studi yang belum terakreditasi unggul. Penelitian dibatasi pada pada implementasi SPMI mengacu pada standar nasional pendidikan untuk pendidikan akademik. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terbuka dan wawancara mendalam, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun program studi telah melaksanakan SPMI, implementasinya belum konsisten dan terdapat beberapa kelemahan dalam proses PPEPP. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi beragam faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat implementasi SPMI, baik yang bersifat internal maupun eksternal. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan bagi perguruan tinggi dan program studi dalam memperkuat implementasi siklus PPEPP dalam SPMI, sehingga mutu program studi meningkat dan dapat mendukung proses akreditasi untuk memperoleh hasil yang lebih optimal.

Kata kunci: SPMI, akreditasi, faktor pendukung, faktor penghambat, mutu pendidikan tinggi