Biodiversity and Seasonal Abundance of Dragonflies (Order: Odonata) in the Urban Areas of Makassar City and Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Keywords:
Biodiversity, Bioindicators, Dragonflies, Freshwater, Urban
Abstract
Dragonflies are insects belonging to the order Odonata; at the nymph stage, they act as bioindicators of water quality, and at the adult stage, they act as predators of small insects. Seasonal changes and environmental issues in urban areas can affect the existence of dragonfly populations. This study aims to identify species diversity, abundance, similarity, and the relationship between biotic vegetation characteristics and abiotic seasonal elements. The study was conducted in freshwater habitats, including running water and stagnant water habitats, in Makassar City and Gowa Regency during the dry and rainy seasons. Data collection was conducted using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method and specimen collection using insect nets. The results showed 12 species from 2 families, 11 species from Makassar City, and 6 species from Gowa Regency. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index showed that the dry season's diversity value is H' = 1.39 and the rainy season's value is H' = 1.72. The abundance of dragonflies showed that the species Agriocnemis pygmaea and Brachythemis contaminata were the most frequently observed species. Additionally, one particular research site shared the same species across six different aquatic environments. There was a correlation between the abundance of dragonflies in each research location and the variation of abiotic variables. Differences in vegetation composition also affected the structure of the dragonfly community.
References
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Mehmood, S.A. et al., 2021. Seasonal abundance and distribution of dragonflies in upper siran valley of district mansehra Pakistan. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 81(3), pp.785–791. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.231538.
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Buchori, D. et al., 2019. Capung Kelola Sendang: Mengumpulkan yang Terserak, Merawat yang Tersisa. , pp.1–83.
Choong., C.Y. et al., 2020. Diversity of Odonata Species at Kangkawat, Imbak Canyon, Sabah. Journal of Tropical Biology & Conservation (JTBC), 17(October), pp.1–10. doi: 10.51200/jtbc.v17i.2644.
Cadena, J.T. et al., 2023. Impacts of climate change on dragonflies and damselflies in West and Central Asia. Diversity and Distributions, 29(7), pp.912–925. doi: 10.1111/ddi.13704.
Dalia, B.P.I. & Leksono, A.S., 2014. Interaksi Antara Capung Dengan Arthropoda Dan Vertebrata Predator Di Kepanjen, Kabupaten Malang. Jurnal Biotropika, 2(1), pp.26–30.
Dwita, U.R. et al., 2022. Pengembangan LKPD Berdasarkan Keragaman Capung Di Kawasan Danau Dendam Tak Sudah. Diklabio: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Biologi, 6(1), pp.1–6. doi: 10.33369/diklabio.6.1.1-6.
Harahap, F.R., 2013. Dampak Urbanisasi Bagi Perkembangan Kota Di Indonesia. Society, 1(1), pp.35–45. doi: 10.33019/society.v1i1.40.
Irawan, A. & Rahadi, W.S., 2018. Capung Sumba Taman Nasional Manupeu Tanah Daru dan Laiwangi Wanggameti.
Jaworski, T. & Hilszczański, J., 2013. The effect of temperature and humidity changes on insects development their impact on forest ecosystems in the expected climate change. Forest Research Papers, 74(4), pp.345–355. doi: 10.2478/frp-2013-0033.
Kalkman, V.J. et al., 2008. Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment. Hydrobiologia, 595(1), pp.351–263. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8259-7.
Kalkman, V. & Orr, A., 2013. Field Guide to the Damselflies of New Guinea Buku Panduan Lapangan Capung Jarum untuk Wilayah New Guinea, Brachytron.
Knapp, S. et al., 2021. A Research Agenda for Urban Biodiversity in the Global Extinction Crisis. BioScience, 71(3), pp.268–279. doi: 10.1093/biosci/biaa141.
La Sorte, F.A. et al., 2018. The phylogenetic and functional diversity of regional breeding bird assemblages is reduced and constricted through urbanization. Diversity and Distributions, 24(7), pp.928–938. doi: 10.1111/ddi.12738.
Lasosová, Z. et al., 2016. Is phylogenetic diversity a good proxy for functional diversity of plant communities? A case study from urban habitats. Journal of Vegetation Science, 27(5), pp.1036–1046. doi: 10.1111/jvs.12414.
Lubis, R. et al., 2021. Keanekaragaman dan Distribusi Capung di Kawasan Padang Rumput Desa Bingin Rupit Ulu Kecamatan Rupit. Simbiosa, 10(1), pp.32–40. doi: 10.33373/sim-bio.v10i1.3233.
Luke, S.H. et al., 2020. Complexity within an oil palm monoculture: The effects of habitat variability and rainfall on adult dragonfly (Odonata) communities. Biotropica, 52(2), pp.366–378. doi: 10.1111/btp.12749.
Maldonado-Benítez, N., Mariani-Ríos, A. & Ramírez, A., 2022. Effects of urbanization on Odonata assemblages in tropical island streams in San Juan, Puerto Rico. International Journal of Odonatology, 25(February), pp.31–42. doi: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917163.
Magurran, A.E., 1988. Ecological Diversity and Its Measurement, University Press, Princeton, NJ.
Mccauley, S.J. et al., 2015. Effects of experimental warming on survival, phenology, and morphology of an aquatic insect (Odonata). Ecological Entomology, 40(3), pp.211–220. doi: 10.1111/een.12175.
Mehmood, S.A. et al., 2021. Seasonal abundance and distribution of dragonflies in upper siran valley of district mansehra Pakistan. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 81(3), pp.785–791. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.231538.
Menke, S.B. et al., 2011. Urban areas may serve as habitat and corridors for dry-adapted, heat tolerant species; an example from ants. Urban Ecosystems, 14(2), pp.135–163. doi: 10.1007/s11252-010-0150-7.
Miles, L.S. et al., 2019. Gene flow and genetic drift in urban environments, doi: 10.1111/mec.15221.
Mokodompit, M.A., Baderan, D.W.K. & Kumaji, S.S., 2022. Keanekaragaman Tumbuhan Suku Piperaceae Di Kawasan Air Terjun Lombongo Provinsi Gorontalo. Bioma : Jurnal Biologi Makassar, 7(1), pp.95–102. doi: 10.20956/bioma.v7i1.19494.
Narender, M. et al., 2016. Seasonal variations in diversity and abundance of odonata at Sawanga-Vithoba Lake, India. Journal of Entomology, 13(5–6), pp.170–178. doi: 10.3923/je.2016.170.178.
Orr, A.G. & Kalkman, V.J., 2015. Field Guide to the Dragonflies of New Guinea Buku Panduan Lapangan Capung untuk Wilayah New Guinea, Brachytron.
Pandey, P. & Mohapatra, K.A., 2017. Diversity of two families Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae (Odonata) in Regional Institute of Education Campus, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 9(5), pp.10229–10232. doi: 10.11609/jott.2547.9.2.9851-9857.
Paulson, D., 2009. Dragonflies and Damselflies of the West, Princeton University Press.
Ricotta, C. et al., 2009. Phyloecology of urban alien floras. Journal of Ecology, 97(6), pp.1243–1251. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2009.01548.x.
Rizal, S. & Hadi, M., 2015. Inventarisasi Jenis Capung (Odonata) Pada Areal Persawahan Di Desa Pundenarum Kecamatan Karangawen Kabupaten Demak. Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi, 17(1), p.16. doi: 10.14710/bioma.17.1.16-20.
Rohmare, V.B., Rathod, D.M. & Parasharya, B.M., 2016. Diversity and population dynamics of Odonata (Insecta: Odonata) in rice growing area of central Gujarat. Journal of Biological Control, 30(3), pp.149–157. doi: 10.18311/jbc/2016/15597.
Sánchez-Reyes, U.J. et al., 2019. Successional and seasonal changes of leaf beetles and their indicator value in a fragmented low thorn forest of northeastern Mexico (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). ZooKeys, 2019(825), pp.71–103. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.825.30455.
Sharma, P., & Gupta, S, 2014. Study of amount of Oxygen (BOD, OD, COD) in water and their effect on fishes. American International Journal of Research in Formal, Applied and Natural Sciences, 7(1), pp.53-58.
Siahaan, R. & Ai, N.S., 2014. Jenis-Jenis Vegetasi Riparian. LPPM Bidang Sains dan Teknologi, 1(1), pp.7–12.
Siboro, T.D., 2019. Manfaat Keanekaragaman Hayati Terhadap Lingkungan. Jurnal Ilmiah Simantek, 3(1), pp.1–4.
Sigit, W., Feriwibisono, B., Nugrahani, M.P., Putri, B & Makitan, T. 2013. Naga Terbang Wendit. Keanekaragaman Capung Perairan Wendit, Malang Jawa Timur, Indonesia Dragonfly Society.
Sintayehu, D.W., 2018. Impact of climate change on biodiversity and associated key ecosystem services in Africa: a systematic review. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, 4(9), pp.225–239. doi: 10.1080/20964129.2018.1530054.
Sol, D. et al., 2017. Urbanisation and the loss of phylogenetic diversity in birds. Ecology Letters, 20(6), pp.721–729. doi: 10.1111/ele.12769.
Supriyantini, E., Nuraini, R.A.T. & Fadmawati, A.P., 2017. Studi Kandungan Bahan Organik Pada Beberapa Muara Sungai Di Kawasan Ekosistem Mangrove, Di Wilayah Pesisir Pantai Utara Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Buletin Oseanografi Marina, 6(1), p.29. doi: 10.14710/buloma.v6i1.15739.
Susanto, M.A.D. et al., 2022. Community structure of dragonfly (insecta: Odonata) in pond habitat at Sumur Panguripan Cultural Reserve, Surabaya, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 976(1). doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/976/1/012005.
Susanto, M.A.D. et al., 2024. Composition and Diversity of Dragonflies (Odonata) in Several Habitat Types in Lumajang Regency, East Java Province, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 9(2), pp.1–21. doi: 10.22146/jtbb.88469.
Suwarso, E., Paulus, D.R., & Miftachurahma, W., 2019. Kajian Database Keanekargaman Hayati Kota Semarang. Jurnal Riptek, 13(1), pp.79–91.
Syarifah, E.B., Fitriana, N. & Wijayanti, F., 2018. Keanekaragaman Capung (Odonata) Di Taman Mini Indonesia Indah Dan Taman Margasatwa Ragunan, Dki Jakarta, Indonesia. Bioprospek, 13(1), pp.50–58.
Ter Braak, C.J.F., 1986. Canonical correspondence analysis: a new eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology, 67(5), pp.1167–1179. doi: 10.2307/1938672.
Trong, K.H. et al., 2021. Impacts of Climate Change to the Growth and Development of The Dragonflies of Tram Chim National Park, Tam Nong – Dong Thap, Vietnam. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1092(1), p.012090. doi: 10.1088/1757-899x/1092/1/012090.
Vigiak, O. et al., 2019. Predicting biochemical oxygen demand in European freshwater bodies. Science of the Total Environment, 666, pp.1089–1105. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.252.
Virgiawan, C., Hindun, I. & Sukarsono, 2015. Study of Diversity of Dragonflies (Odonata) as Bioindicator of Water Quality in Batu-Malang Brantas River and Source of Biology Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia, 1(2), pp.188–196.
Wijayanto, A.G. et al., 2016. Inventarisasi Capung (Insecta: Odonata) dan Variasi Habitatnya di Resort Tegal Bunder dan Teluk Terima Taman Nasional Bali Barat (TNBB). Seminar Nasional Pendidikan dan Saintek, 2016(January 2016), pp.427–434.
Williams, N.S.G., Hahs, A.K. & Vesk, P.A., 2015. Urbanisation, plant traits and the composition of urban floras. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, 17(1), pp.78–86. doi: 10.1016/j.ppees.2014.10.002.
Published
2025-07-04
How to Cite
Moh. Ikram Mooduto and Syahribulan (2025) “Biodiversity and Seasonal Abundance of Dragonflies (Order: Odonata) in the Urban Areas of Makassar City and Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia”, Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 10(3), p. jtbb16786. doi: 10.22146/jtbb.16786.
Section
Research Articles
