ANALISIS KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT SEKITAR TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG BULUSARAUNG, PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN (Socio-Economic Analysis of Community Around Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi Province)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Keberhasilan pengelolaan Taman Nasional tidak terlepas dari sikap dan dukungan masyarakat. Pemahaman problem sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitar Taman Nasional sangat diperlukan sebagai salah satu pertimbangan dalam mengelola Taman Nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan penjelasan mengenai problem sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitar Taman Nasional Bantimurung Bulusaraung (TN Babul), tingkat ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap kawasan Taman Nasional dan kontribusi pendapatan dari tamanan kemiri terhadap total pendapatan petani. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Maros pada Kawasan TN Babul, Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Pemilihan lokasi dilakukan secara purposive. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik survey dengan mewawancarai 180 responden yang dipilih secara acak. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan problem sosial ekonomi masyarakar sekitar TN Babul adalah rendahnya tingkat pendidikan, tingginya jumlah tanggungan keluarga, keterlibatan masyarakat dalam kelompok masih rendah, proses capacity building berjalan lambat, dan rendahnya pendapatan masyarakat dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Rata-rata total pendapatan masyarakat sekitar TN Babul sebesar Rp. 3.836.367,-/tahun dan sebanyak 65% masyarakat hidup dibawah garis kemiskinan. Rata-rata tingkat ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap kawasan TN Babul sebesar 37,97%, sementara kontribusi pendapatan dari tanaman kemiri terhadap total pendapatan masyarakat rata-rata sebesar 19,05%. Diperlukan peningkatan kegiatan pendampingan, penyuluhan dan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan pola pikir, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan masyarakat sehingga kapasitasnya meningkat dan dapat mengurangi ketergantungannya terhadap kawasan TN Babul. Pengelola TN Babul perlu menjalin komunikasi, koordinasi dan kerjasama dengan berbagai pihak dalam rangka meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat serta merumuskan model pengelolaan TN Babul yang efektif dan efisien.

ABSTRACT

The success of the National Park management is inseparable from the attitude and support of the community. Understanding socio-economic problems of communities around the Park is required as one of the considerations in managing the Park. This study aims to obtain an explanation of the socio-economic problems of communities around Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park (Babul National Park), the level of community dependence on National Park and contribution from candlenut (Alleurites moluccana) to total incomes of farmer. The experiment was conducted in Maros Regency in Babul National Park, South Sulawesi Province. The site was selected purposively. Data collected by survey techniques by interviewing 180 respondents who were randomly selected. Data were analyzed with descriptive qualitative and quantitative. The results showed socio-economic problems of communities around Babul park is the low level of education, the high number of family, community involvement in the group is still low, the capacity building process runs slow, and low income in fulfilling her needs. Average total income of the people around Babul parks Rp. 3,836,367,-/year and as many as 65% of people live below the poverty line. The average level of community dependence on Babul parks area of 37.97%, while revenue contribution from candlenut (Alleurites moluccana) to total incomes by an average of 19.05%. Required increase in assistance activities, counseling and training to enhance the mindset, knowledge, and skills of communities so that the capacity increase and to reduce dependence on Babul parks area. For that managers Babul parks need to establish communication, coordination and cooperation with various parties in order to improve the capacity of communities and to formulate management Babul parks effective and efficient.